HORSES 345 
the horses are scrubs and do not show a resemblance to any standard 
breed ? : 
2. Feeding. — What kinds and what amounts of feeds are given the 
horse (a) when working? (0) at seasons when it is idle? Your answer 
should take into account the size of the horse. What difference is made 
between the morning and noon meals of a working horse and the evening 
meal? At what times are the horses watered? Is salt supplied to them 
regularly ? 
3. Stall and bed. — (a) What faults in the horse’s stall will sometimes 
cause it to stand up all night? (b) Mention several reasons for giving 
the horse good bedding. 
4. Grooming. —In what other way does the use of the curry comb 
benefit the horse aside from keeping its coat clean? Which benefits 
‘the horse more, to curry it at the end of the day’s work or at the be- 
ginning? 
5. Blanketing horses.— What is the best practice in regard to 
blanketing horses in winter (a) in the stable? (6) when allowed to stand 
outdoors for a time? 
6. The bridle-bit. — Learn about several types of bits in use. What 
are the merits of each kind? Which type is the easiest on the horse’s 
mouth? Bits are often too long. Find out from a good horseman the 
proper length for a good fit. What harm does it do if it is too long or 
not properly adjusted? Why not put a frosty bit into a horse’s mouth? 
4. The check-rein. — Observe the two methods of checking a horse’s 
head, — by means of the side-rein, and by the over-check rein. What 
are the advantages of each? Explain the harm done by checking a 
horse’s head too high. 
8. Defects. — When there is opportunity learn to recognize the com- 
moner defects of horses, such as ring bone, spavin, heaves. Bring a 
description to your school. 
9. Rising and ‘lying down.— How does a horse place its legs in 
lying down? How does it get up? How does a cow lie down and how 
does she get up? 
10. Parts of a horse. — Where are these parts of the horse: Knee? 
Fetlock? Pastern? Cannon? Forearm? Hock? Thigh? Withers? 
Croup? Hip? Loin? Flank? 
11. The young colt.— At what age is the foal taught to eat a little 
grain? What is the practice of feeding it after that? At what age is 
