CATTLE 351 
and also in their appearance, except that they are never gray 
as the Jerseys often are, and they usually have white mark- 
ings on the face, flanks, and legs. They may be most easily 
distinguished from the Jerseys by their flesh-colored noses, 
the Jerseys having black ones. 
Ayrshires are more hardy and active, and thrive better on 
poor pastures than other dairy breeds. They are attractive 
looking animals. Their color scheme consists of patches of 
red or brown and white, their horns are turned upward and 
outward, and their form is not so bony and angular as that 
of other dairy cattle. 
Brrr TYPE AND BREEDS 
In developing this type of cattle, breeders have had in view 
an animal that shall furnish the largest possible quantity of 
high grade meat. It must, 
therefore, not use up food in 
the production of milk, but 
rather in laying on flesh and 
_ fat. The form of the body 
is blocky, resembling a brick 
set on edge. Viewed from 
the side or from the top, the 
outer lines are parallel instead of forming a wedge, as in 
the dairy type. The body is well rounded, not angular; 
the neck and legs are short and stout, the udder is small. 
The principal breeds of this type are the Shorthorn, Hereford 
(pronounced Herford), Aberdeen Angus, Galloway, and Red- 
Polled. 
The Shorthorns outnumber any other breed of cattle in the 
country, and there are many distinct strains or families, some 
-- of which have been developed into fairly good milkers for the 
BEEF TYPE 
