148 ANIMALS USED IN WAR. 



the long run, and many were returned to India, while others, 

 unsuitable for cantonments, were sold." 



During the recent Frontier Expeditions Bullock Corps were 

 severely hit by these two diseases, and by occasional heat 

 exhaustion, chiefly at the outset ; but subsequent proceedings 

 were satisfactory and the animals maintained a good condition. 

 It is anticipated that Einderpest will be excluded from military 

 bullocks in future by a process of inoculation rendering them 

 durably or permanently immune before they go on Service, but 

 we shall have to rely on the old methods of isolation against 

 Foot-and-Mouth Disease, as even previous attacks convey only 

 a short lived immunity. 



Bullock Transport was greatly in vogue in the South African 

 War, spans of 12 and 16 bullocks in heavy wagons being the 

 method of employment. It was quite satisfactory for slow 

 moving troops, but here again a contagious disease was 

 encountered — Pleuro-pneumonia Contagiosa, against which 

 inoculation was practised with success. 



In closing this section I should like to remark on the great 

 boon which has been conferred on the Indian Army in War on 

 the Frontiers by the establishment of Dairies, the majority of 

 the animals being buffaloes. There is great merit in the 

 procedure, and it is just as easy to get these animals up near 

 the front as it is meat on hoof. Our troops in Fraece also 

 owned occasional cows, and Motor Horse Ambulances belonging 

 to Veterinary Service offered no objections to their transport 

 from place to place, in fact there was no reason why the 

 procedure should not have been made more general, particularly 

 for the benefit of Casualty Clearing Stations. 



