and its Economic Management. 61 
therefore, no doubt either as to their energy or good 
wintering qualities. 
There has been a tendency to regard Carniolans as free 
from disease or having but a slight tendency in that 
direction ; but although the Author has sent out queens 
of this race that have given remarkable records in the 
midst of diseased apiaries, he does not regard them as proof 
against all diseases. 
The queens vary in colour from yellow to black ; some 
being “ ringed,” the colour of the abdomen shading alter- 
nately from light to dark, but all produce workers of the 
typical sort, having on the abdomen near the thorax a 
mere shade of bronzed yellow, and then follow several 
extremely broad white bands, giving the bees an attractive 
appearance. 
Many of the queens imported throw workers having 
one or two distinct bands of yellow, which shows that 
either the native bee-keepers have introduced some of the 
yellow kinds, or that the ancient admixture of yellow 
blood is still strongly in evidence. 
CYPRIANS. 
Among the yellow races these were at one time expected 
to take the front rank. Though not suitable for the 
production of comb-honey, they are active and extremely 
docile, except in the cool season, while their great beauty 
is undeniable. They have three yellow bands on the 
abdomen, followed by broad bars of light yellow hair. 
Unlike Ligurians, the yellow extends to the under-side 
of the body, as it does also in a less degree with Syrians. 
The body is much smaller than that of the native variety, 
tapering to a fine point, quite unlike the more rounded 
form of the other. 
After an extensive experience, however, this variety was 
