and its Economic Management. 107 
clover, with dancing heads bright with many attractive 
colours. And above all no rent is paid for this innocent 
trespass, and no harm is done to the owner, for the busy 
bees take that which he can never harvest, and that which 
he hath not cannot from him be robbed. 
The Total. 
Now what do our figures show from 30 acres :— 
fos. d. 
20 tons of hay at £3 (less all expenses), say .. 60 0 0 
8 acres of pasture at {10, as profit from dairy, say 50 0 0 
too hens (eggs and chickens from), say aan w= 50 0 0 
50 stocks of bees, yielding £1 each... es we = =50 0 0 
Profit on horned stock sold annually ... des -. 20 0 0 
£230 0 0 
If a smallholder pays £3 an acre this will leave him 
4140. If he pays 44, then only £110. 
I have therefore allowed the usual margin upon the 
expenses of getting in the hay, for carting, and artificial 
manures, if required; there is also a second cut from one 
or other of the fields, to be utilised for home use. On the 
eight acres of pasture also enough margin is allowed for 
paying a large part of the rent, or labor; though an active, 
healthy man will not require much hired labor on a little 
grass farm apart from the haying. The 100 hens and the 
several thousand chickens reared therefrom will leave a very 
large margin towards rent and other expenses, in the 
valuable manure left upon the land. Then again the 
20 acres after cutting, will in value of pasture alone, make 
a heavy item towards the rent of the farm. 
When I state that in apiaries worked for honey the 
stocks will often average 100 lbs. per colony, while some 
colonies of bees have stored up to 300 lbs. and more, and 
