and tts Economic Management. 1gI 
hand standing in water, to give time for cooling and 
saturation. 
Salt as a Lubricant. 
The process is modified where rollers are used, but in 
either case brine appears to be the best lubricant, and at the 
same time a disinfectant. 
There are a number of machines in use, such as the 
Given, Van Deusen, and more recently the “Weed” 
Process. Of these, the Van Deusen gives the most 
beautifully finished foundation I have seen, but, being 
flat bottomed, the bees appear to waste much time in 
converting to the natural base ; though it must be acknow- 
ledged that in doing so comb is produced that has so thin 
a septum as to be equal to any all-natural comb. I should 
consider a perfect super foundation would have nothing 
whatever but the bare base of the cells. 
Foundation in the brood chamber gives a great saving 
in time under some conditions, as hereafter noted, but 
there are times when it is an unnecessary expense, more 
especially when the beekeeper has all the stock he requires, 
when he will become a producer of wax instead of a 
consumer of that article. 
How to insert Foundation in Frames and Sections. 
The original method, and one usually practised by 
myself and others, is by melted wax run along the sheet 
of foundation on both sides where it meets the top bar. 
A board, 7 inches wide and 13 inches long, has screwed 
on the back two strips of #2-inch stuff, which project 
about an inch over. The two projections on one side 
I have arranged as shown (Fig. 88) with a wide-headed 
screw to each, enabling the gauge to be regulated to a 
nicety. When set upon the inverted frame it stands }-inch 
off from the centre of the bar, thus providing for the 
