and tts Economic Management. 339 
the new arrival, or are taken advantage of in such a 
manner that they do not attempt to molest her. 
Of course it is understood that no other queen is to be 
in the hive at the time another is to be given, or the new 
one will usually be destroyed, unless the presiding queen 
is aged. The novice may experience some difficulty in 
Finding the Queen 
to be superseded, and he will certainly do better to leave 
his queens alone until he gains more experience, unless 
he is absolutely certain they are actually failing. 
In frame hives the fertile queen can generally be found 
without much trouble, as she is parading the brood combs, 
the hive being opened with as little disturbance as possible, 
and the frames gently lifted and examined one by one. If 
not to be seen there, look well around the edges of the 
combs, or she may be found on the floor, or at one corner 
among the bees; it may even be necessary to remove the 
combs to a temporary hive while looking for her around 
the sides, taking care not to get the brood chilled. An 
unfertile or virgin queen is often most difficult to find, 
and at times even an expert bee-keeper would be tempted 
to say that no queen was there, were it not that the actions 
of the bees tend to show otherwise. 
How to make Sure. 
A careful examination will generally reveal her presence ; 
but failing to find her, when you think there should be 
one, the bees should be given a comb of unsealed brood, 
and if they build queen cells thereon it is almost certain 
no queen is there; if otherwise, do not risk the life of a 
valuable queen until the other has been found. With fixed 
combs the only way is to “drive” the bees out and catch 
the queen as she ascends. If that cannot be done, then 
look well among the deserted combs and the bees clustering 
