and its Economic Management. 447 
Best Colonies first affected.—It frequently happens 
that the most populous and prosperous colony is the first to 
show signs of paralysis. Hence over-heating evidently 
aggravates the malady, showing the necessity of moderate 
covering and efficient ventilation. If such colonies are at 
once divided (according to the Author’s definite methods 
of swarming without increase) the trouble is immediately 
checked, and with the most simple supplementary pre- 
cautions, as advised herein, the malady is soon cured. 
It has solely and always been the helpless “ drifting ” 
that has allowed such stocks to go to destruction. 
Individual Diseased Bees in Fatal Stage.—It is quite 
true that individual workers once reaching the secondary or 
fatal stage of the I.0.W. complaint can seldom recover ; 
hence the “no cure” theory of those who court failure by 
joyfully embracing it with both eyes blindfolded. 
The Author has, however, definitely explained—(1) how 
to separate the badly infected from the non-affected and 
slightly affected workers ; (2) how to check further infection 
by other applications ; (3) and finally how to build up a 
rousing population of hardy, healthy, young bees before the 
remaining adults die off in the ordinary course. 
I.0.W. and Immune Bees.—Many bee-owners persist 
in retaining, or recommencing with black or native bees, 
which are unable to resist the I.O.W. plague, and even 
under recognised treatment fail to recover so readily as 
some other kinds are known to do. Some of the yellow 
varieties, more especially such as are carefully bred by 
selection, with revitalising blood periodically added, are 
known to be practically immune to this disease. 
What means “ Practically Immune? ”—It is not to be 
imagined that any such more vigorous strain of bees may 
not under any circumstances contract the malady. It is 
