BIRDS OP NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 123 



Downy young (unsexed). — Similar to that of L. m. atkhensis but back 

 and rump generally russet with the black bifurcated spinal stripe wanting 

 or reduced to dark brownish, disconnected markings, and the yellowish 

 areas slightly darker and more ochraceous. 



Adiilt male.— Wing 183-200 (191.5) ; tail 102-115 (109.5) ; bill from 

 anterior end of nostril to tip 8.7-10 (9.4; width of bill at gape 10.&-11.9 

 (11.3) ; height of bill at angle of gonys 7.1-7.9 (7.6 mm.).^^ 



Adult female.— Wing 175-198 (182.9) ; tail 90-115 (100.4) ; bill from 

 anterior end of nostril to tip 6-10.4 (8.4) ; width of bill at gape 10.5-12.8 

 (11.5) ; height of bill at angle of gonys 6.3-9.6 (7.3 mm.).^* 



Range. — Breeds in northern North America from east-central Alaska 

 and central Northwest Territories (where it intergrades with L. m. 

 nelsoni) eastward, including Melville, Victoria, Ellesmere and Baffin 

 Islands, to Labrador and northwestern Greenland, north of latitude 66°, 

 south to the mountains of Vancouver and of central northern British 

 Columbia (Ingenika, Chapa-atan, and Sheslay Rivers, where it inter- 

 grades with L. m. dixoni), Great Slave Lake, Great Whale River, and 

 the Straits of Belle Isle. 



Winters throughout but probably mostly in the southern part of its 

 breeding range and possibly (rarely) farther south. 



Type locality. — Hudson Bay. 



Tetrao lagopus (not of Linnaeus) Fabhicius, Fauna Groenlandica, 1780, 114. — 

 Sabine, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, xii, 1818, 530 (Hare Island) ; Suppl. Parry's 

 First Voy., 1824, 197 (s. of Barrow Straits). 



Lagopus mutus (not Tetrao mutus Montin) Stephens, in Shaw, Gen. Zool., xi, pt. 2, 

 1819, 287, part (Greenland).— Kneeland, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vi, 1857, 

 237 (Keweenaw Point, Lake Superior). 



[Tetrao] rupestris Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 2, 1788, 751 (Hudson Bay; based on 

 Rock Grouse, Pennant, Arctic Zool., ii, 312). — Latham, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 640. 



Tetrao rupestris Sabine, Suppl. Parry's First Voyage, 1824, 195. — Richardson, 

 App. Parry's Second Voy., 1824, 348. — Nuttall, Man. Orn. United States and 

 Canada, Land Birds, 1832, 610; ed. 2, 1840, 818.— Audubon, Orn. Biogr., iv, 1838, 

 483, pi. 368.— Vigors, Zool. Voyage Blossom, 1839, 26. 



Tetrao (Lagopus) rupestris Swainson and RiCHAitDsoN, Fauna Bor.-Amer., ii, 1831 

 (1832), 354 



Lagopus rupestris Leach, Zool. Misc., ii, 1817, 290. — Stephens, in Shaw, Gen. 

 Zool., xi, pt. 2, 1819, 290 (Hudson Bay). — Swainson and Richardson, Fauna 

 Bor.-Amer., ii, 1831 (1832), pi. 64. — Bonaparte, Geogr. and Comp. List, 1838, 

 44.— Audubon, Synopsis, 1839, 208; Birds Amer,, 8vo. ed., v, 1842, 122, pi. 301.— 

 Baird, Rep. Pacific R.R. Survey, ix, 1858, 635 ; Cat. North Amer. Birds, 1859, 

 No. 468.— CouES, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1861, 229 (coast Labra- 

 dor) ; Check List North Amer. Birds, 1874, No. 387; ed. 2, 1882, No. 569.- 

 Blakiston, Ibis, 1863, 127 (Mackenzie River). — Elliot, Monogr. Tetraonidae, 

 1865, pi. 23 and text.— Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., pt. S, Gallinae, 1867, 92.— 

 Harting, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1871, 111, 117 (Melville Island; w. coast 



"^ Fourteen specimens from Ungava, EUesmereland, and Northwest Territories. 



