BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 147 



[Canachites canadensis] osgoodi Austin, Mem. Nuttall Orn. Club, No. 7, 1932, 72 



in text (distr.). 

 Tlympanuchus] canadensis Reichenow, Die Vogel, i, 1913, 320. 



CANACHITES CANADENSIS CANACE (Linnaeus) 



Canadian Spruce Partridge 



Adult male. — Indistinguishable from that of the nominate race. 



Adult female (gray phase). — ^Like that of the nominate race but more 

 brownish, the dorsal brown markings light ochraceous-buff, as are also 

 those of the breast, sides, and flanks; upper wing coverts darker, with 

 their edges more tawny-buff, less hair brown. 



Adult female (rufous phase). — Not distinguishable with certainty from 

 that of the nominate race, but usually with the light markings on the 

 upper wing coverts and inner remiges brighter — antique brown to tawny 

 (as against pale grayish clay color in the nominate race). 



Immature male. — Indistinguishable from that of the nominate race. 



Immature female. — Not distinguishable with certainty from that of the 

 nominate form. 



Juvenal. — Not certainly distinguishable from that of the typical race. 



Doivny young. — Like that of the typical race. 



Adult male.— Wing 166-183 (174.1) ; tail 107-130 (120.7) ; exposed 

 culmen 13.6-18.4 (15.7); tarsus 33.7-37.2 (35.2); middle toe without 

 claw 35.7-39.4 (37 mm.).^* 



Adult female.— Wing 163-176 (172.1); tail 96-111 (103); exposed 

 culmen 14.2-18.6 (15.5); tarsus 33-34.2 (33.9); middle toe without 

 claw 32.8-36 (34.6 mm.)." 



Range. — Resident from southern Manitoba; northwestern Minnesota; 

 southern Ontario (Port Arthur) ; southern Quebec (Charlevoix, Kama- 

 rooska, Saguenay, and western Gaspe Counties) ; south locally in Minnesota 

 (from eastern Marshall County to Lake Superior; formerly to Wadena 

 and Mille Lacs Counties) ; northern Wisconsin (where only casual) ; 

 Michigan (south to Ogemaw County) ; northern New York (Adiron- 

 dacks, now largely extirpated) ; northern New Hampshire (northern 

 Coos County; White Mountains, south to Mount Passaconaway) ; ex- 

 treme northern Vermont and northern Maine, except the extreme eastern 

 part adjacent to New Brunswick. 



Accidental in Massachusetts (Gloucester and Roxbury). 



Type locality. — Canada; restricted to City of Quebec (Uttal, Auk, 

 Ivi, 1939, 462). 



[Tefrao] canace Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766, 27S (Canada; based on Bonasia 

 canadensis Brisson, Orn., i, 203, pi. 20, figs. 1, 2). — Gmelin, Syst. Nat,, i, pt. 2, 

 1788, 749). 



" Thirteen specimens from Michigan, Quebec, and Maine. 

 ■" Eleven specimens from Michigan and Quebec. 



