BIRDS OP NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 151 



Canace canadensis Elliot, Monogr. Tetraonidae, 186S, pi. 9 and text, part. — Ridg- 

 WAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 9, part, 196, part; Nom. North Amer. 

 Birds, 1881, No. 472, part.— Coues, Check List North Amer. Birds, ed. 2, 1882, 

 No. SSS, part. 



C[anace] canadensis Coues, Key North Amer. Birds, ed. 2, 1884, 578, part. 



Canace canadensis var. canadensis Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. North Amer. 

 Birds, iii, 1874, 416, part. 



Canace canadensis canadensis Goode, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 20, 1883, 310, part. 



Dendragapus canadensis Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., viii, 1885, 355, part. — 

 American Ornithologists' Union, Check-list, 1886, No. 298, part; ed. 2, 

 1895, No. 298, part.— Bendire, Life Hist. North Amer. Birds, i, 1892, 51, part. 



D[endragapics] canadensis Ridgway, Man. North Amer. Birds, 1887, 196, part. 



Canachites canadensis Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxii, 1893, 69, part. — 

 American Ornithologists' Union, Auk, xvi, 1899, 107, part. — ^Judd, U. S. 

 Biol. Surv. Bull. 24, 1905, 38-40, part (range, food, etc.). 



[Canachites] canadensis Shaepe, Hand-list, i, 1899, 19, part. 



Canachites canadensis canadensis American Ornithologists' Union, Check-list 

 North Amer. Birds, ed. 3, 1910, 139, part (Alaska from Bristol Bay to Cook 

 Inlet and Prince William Sound). 



Canachites canadensis osgoodi Bishop, North Amer. Fauna, No. 19, 1900, 71, 

 part (Bennett City, Caribou Crossing (?)). — Chapman, Bull. Amer. Mus. 

 Nat. Hist., xvi, 1902, 238 (Homer, Sheep Creek, and Kenai Mountains, Alaska; 

 habits) ; xx, 1904, 401 (Seldovia, Bird Island, Sheep Creek, and Barbovi, Kenai 

 Peninsula). — Osgood, North Amer. Fauna, No. 24, 1904, 64 (near Iliamna 

 Village, etc., Alaska Peninsula; habits; range). — Hellmayr and Conover, Cat. 

 Birds Amer., i. No. 1, 1942, 212, part. 



Canachites canadensis atratus Grinnell (J.), Univ. California Stud. Zool., v. No. 

 12, 1910, 380 (Hawkins Island, Prince William Sound, Alaska; coll. Mus. 

 California Acad. Sci.). — American Ornithologists' Union, Auk, xxix, 1912, 

 385. — Swarth, Univ. California Publ. Zool., xxiv, 1922, 205 (Flood Glacier, 

 Stikine region, s. Alaska; crit.). — Oberholser, Auk, xl, 1923, 679. — American 

 Ornithologists' Union, Check-list, ed. 4, 1931, 80 (distr.). — Bent, U. S. Nat. 

 Mus. Bull. 162, 1932, 135 (habits, distr., etc.).— Peters, Check-list Birds World, 

 ii, 1934, 36.— Friedmann, Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., v, 1935, 31 (Kodiak 

 Island). — Uttal, Auk, Ivi, 1939, 461 (crit; range; descr.). 



{Canachites canadensis'] atratus Austin, Mem. Nuttall Orn. Club, No. 7, 1932, 72 

 in text (distr.). 



CANACHITES CANADENSIS TORRIDUS Uttal 



Nova Scotian Spruce Partridge 



Adult male. — Very similar to that of the nominate race but said to 

 have the plumage more suffused with browrn, especially the upper wing 

 coverts, upper dorsals, scapulars, and flank feathers.^" 



Adult female. — Similar to that of Canachites canadensis canace, but 

 the brown markings more intense, the rufous phase much more reddish 

 tawny than in canace, the gray phase only slightly more so than in the 

 corresponding stage of canace. 



°° The material examined in the present work does not bear this out. Birds from 

 the Bay of Fundy and Kejimkujik, Nova Scotia, are not separable from typical 

 canadensis or canace. 



