BIRDS OP NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 169 



[Bonasa umbellus] sabini Uttal, Auk, Iviii, 1941, 76 in text (tarsal feathering). 

 (?) Tetrao fusca Ord, in Guthrie's Geogr., 2d Amer. ed., 1815, 317 (based on Small 



Brown Pheasant, Lewis and Clark's Exp., ii, 182). 

 Bonasa umbellus fiisca American Ornithologists' Union, Auk, xii, 1895, 169 



(nomencl.). 

 B[onasa] imibella fusca CouES, Key North Amer. Birds, ed. 5, ii, 1903, 743 in text. 

 Bonasa umbellus fttsctis Coues, Hist. Exped. Lewis and Clark, iii, 1893, 872 in text 



("Oregon"). 



BONASA UMBELLUS CASTANEA Aldtich and Fricdmann 



Olympic Ruffed Grouse 



Adult. — The darkest and most richly colored of all the predominantly 

 brown races of the species; the brown of the upperparts deep chestnut 

 to dark auburn with no grayish mixture, the ventral barrings Dresden 

 brown to raw umber, darkening to mummy brown on the sides and 

 flanks, the chin, throat, breast and upper abdomen, sides, flanks, and 

 under tail coverts heavily washed with ochraceous-buff. No gray-phase 

 birds have been seen; the brown birds have either black or rufescent 

 ruffs, the black being the commoner of the two. 



Juvenal. — None seen. 



Downy young. — Indistinguishable from that of B. u. umbellus. 



Adult male.— Wing 176-187 (182.8); tail 145-168 (153.9); culmen 

 from base 25.6-29.9 (27.8) ; tarsus 43.6-48 (45.3) ; middle toe without 

 claw 38.9-42.2 (40.7) ; unfeathered part of tarsus 16.0-29.4 (23.5 mm.)." 



Adidt female.— Wing 170-178 (174.9) ; tail 130-139 (131.8) ; culmen 

 from base 23.6-28.0 (26.5) ; tarsus 41.2-45.5 (44.0) ; middle toe without 

 claw 37.0-39.7 (38.6) ; unfeathered part of tarsus 20.8-29 (24.6 mm.).''" 



Range. — Subclimax woodland of the very wet portion (spruce-cedar 

 association) of the Pacific coastal moist coniferous forest biome of the 

 Transition Life Zone; on the Olympic Peninsula and in the immediate 

 vicinity of the shore of Puget Sound in western Washington, south to 

 Fort Steilacoom, Cedarville, and Shoalwater Bay, possibly also farther 

 south along the "fog forest" belt in Oregon, although no specimens have 

 been seen from the coast south of the Columbia River to establish this 

 as a fact. 



Type locality. — Soleduck River, Olympic Mountains, Wash. 



Bonasa sabini Baird, Cassin, and Lawrence, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., 1860, 629 in 

 table (Puget Sound). 



Bonasa umbellus sabini Lawrence, AuI<, ix, 1892, 43 (Grays Harbor, Wash.). — 

 American Ornithologists' Union, Check-list, ed. 2, 1895, 112; ed. 3, 1910, 

 140, part. — KoBLE, Auk, xvii, 1900, 351 (Cape Disappointment, Wash.; not 

 abundant). — Rathbun, Auk, xix, 1902, 133 (Seattle, Wash. ; breeds; common). — 

 Bowles, Auk, xxiii, 1906, 142 (Tacoma, Wash.; breeds; common). — Edson, 



'''' Eleven specimens from the Olympic Peninsula. 

 " Nine specimens from the Olympic Peninsula. 



