BIRJJB O*- JNUKTil ANU MIDDLE AMERICA 175 



1941, 46, in text (Prince Edward County, Ontario; gray phase) .—Uttal, Auk, 

 Iviii, 1941, 75, 77, and 78 in text (tarsal feathering). 



[Bonasa] umbellus togata Baillie and Harkington, Contr. Roy. Ontario Mus. 

 Zool., No. 8, pt. 1, 1936, 28 in text (Ontario; resident in greater part of 

 province). 



[Bonasa] [umbellus] togata Townsend, Mem. Nuttall Om. Club, No. 3, 1905, 202 

 in text (Essex County, Mass.). — Snyder and Logier, Trans. Roy. Can. Inst., 

 xviii, pt. 1, 1931, 177 in text.— Todd, Auk, Ivii, 1940, 391 in text (crit.).— Uttal, 

 Auk, Iviii, 1941, 76 and 77 in text (tarsal feathering). 



Bonasa umbellus thayeri Bangs, Auk, xxix, 1912, 378 (orig. descr., Digby, Nova 

 Scotia; meas.; crit.). — [Stone], Auk, xxxiii, 1916, 426 (Digby, Nova Scotia). 

 — American Ornithologists' Union, Auk, xl, 1923, 517 (Nova Scotia) ; 

 Check-list, ed. 4, 1931, 81.— Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Ixx, No. 4, 1930, 

 156 (type spec, in Mus. Comp. Zool., criL).— Bext, U. S. Nat. Mus. BulL 162, 

 1932, 177 (habits, etc.).— Taverner, Birds Canada, 1934, 155 in text.— Peters, 

 Check-list Birds of World, ii, 1934, 40 (Nova Scotian Peninsula, possibly also 

 eastern New Brunswick) .—Todd, Auk, Ivii, 1940, 391 in text (crit.).— Hellm AYR 

 and CoNOVEEt, Cat. Birds Amer., i, No. 1, 1942, 215. 



B[onasa] u[mbellus] thayeri Austin, Mem. Nuttall Om. Club, No. 7, 1932, 73 in 

 text (Nova Scotia). — Conover, Condor, xxxvii, 1935, 205 in text (crit.), 206 

 (spec). — Peitingill, Proc. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci., xix, 1937-38 (1939), 333 

 (Grand Manan; mentioned). — Uttal, Auk, Iviii, 1941, 75 and 77 in text (tarsal 

 feathering) . 



BONASA UMBELLUS AFFINIS Aldrich and Friedmann 



Columbian Ruffed Grouse 



Adult (gray phase). — Similar to the corresponding phase of Bonasa 

 umbellus umbellus but darker, more brownish above, more heavily barred 

 below (in its general appearance intermediate between the gray phase of 

 umbellus and that of sabini) ; feathers of top of head more solidly blackish 

 edged with smoke gray, and basally pale ochraceous-tawny on their hidden 

 portions; interscapulars and inner upper wing coverts cinnamon-brown 

 with large blotches and some vermiculations of fuscous to black, and with 

 pale shaft streaks of tilleul buff to pale smoke gray; feathers of upper 

 back similar but with less blackish and more mottled with smoke gray 

 on their terminal portions; feathers of lower back, rump, and upper tail 

 coverts Prout's brown, sparingly vermiculated with black, with broad, 

 tear-shaped, whitish shaft spots, which are longitudinally streaked and 

 edged narrowly with black, the feathers edged with smoke gray, the 

 extent of the terminal gray increasing on the upper tail coverts ; rectrices 

 darker gray than in umbellus — smoke gray to light grayish olive with 

 a faint ochraceous tinge especially along the shaft and on the proximal 

 edge of each of the black wavy bands ; and slightly more heavily vermicu- 

 lated with black; below more heavily barred, the bars dusky isabelline 

 to tawny-olive, darkening on the sides and flanks to sepia and mummy 

 brown; the lower throat and upper breast more strongly washed with 



