BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 361 



scapulars and inner, greater, and median upper wing coverts between 

 Dresden brown and cinnamon-brown crossed by narrow, widely spaced 

 wavy bars of pale buflfy edged with dusky ; the scapulars internally mar- 

 gined with ochraceous-buff, the coverts completely edged with pale smoke 

 gray; innermost secondaries like the scapulars; rest of secondaries dull 

 sepia, edged and incompletely barred on their outer webs with light pink- 

 ish cinnamon and more or less suffused with Dresden brown on their 

 outer webs; primaries dull sepia faintly flecked on their outer margins 

 with ashy light pinkish cinnamon; rest of upper wing coverts Dresden 

 brown to cinnamon-brown externally edged narrowly with pale pinkish 

 buff; these edgings enlarged terminally into broader tips, the brown 

 areas faintly stippled and vermiculated with dusky; back, lower back, 

 rump, and upper tail coverts bright cinnamon-brown with a tawny tinge, 

 narrowly tipped and crossed by narrow, but widely spaced bars of pale 

 buffy, these bars proximally edged with blackish, which sometimes ex- 

 tends basally along the shaft for a short distance; rectrices similar but 

 less tawny ; chin and throat bright light ochraceous-tawny to ochraceous- 

 orange; auriculars dull, dark Dresden brown; a pectoral band of white 

 feathers with wedge-shaped black terminal spots; breast between tawny- 

 olive and clay color, the feathers tipped with a slightly paler and ashler 

 tone, and basally transversely marked with blackish (usually hidden by 

 the overlapping feathers), this color becoming more ochraceous on the 

 upper abdomen, where, however, the feathers have several large white 

 or buffy spots on each web with blackish transverse interspaces, the 

 brown restricted to the median part of the feathers, this median area 

 increasing in extent and brightness on the sides ; feathers of lower lateral 

 parts of the abdomen, the flanks, thighs, and under tail coverts with the 

 pale spots larger, huffier, the brownish or ochraceous areas much re- 

 duced, the black bars wider ; middle of lower abdomen pale bufly barred 

 with blackish ; under wing coverts pale sepia to wood brown flecked with 

 buffy white. 



Adult female. — Similar to the adult male on the upper parts but generally 

 less ruf escent, more grayish sepia ; the superciliaries pale ashy buff, dark- 

 ening posteriorly ; the crown and crest darker — sepia with less ochraceous 

 edgings; the interscapulars and upper back duskier and without grayish 

 edges; below much less ruf escent than the male; chin and throat buffy 

 grayish white, suffused to a varying extent posterolateral^ with ochra- 

 ceous-tawny; breast and upper abdomen drab to pale sepia instead of 

 tawny-olive; abdomen largely white, the blackish markings averaging 

 somewhat smaller than in the male, the brownish areas reduced and largely 

 restricted to the more lateral feathers. ^^ 



'^ There seems to be considerable variation in the whiteness of the abdominal plu- 

 mage that may be correlated with age, the immature or subadult birds possibly 

 averaging more buffy than the older ones. More material is needed to determine this. 



