BIRDS OP NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 411 



at tips, extending but slightly beyond longer coverts. Tarsus stout, a 

 little longer than middle toe with claw, without trace of rudimentary spurs. 



Plumage and coloration. — Plumage of head (except crown, occiput 

 and nape) short, dense, and blended, the auriculars, however, hairlike 

 and somewhat elongated ; the feathers on sides of throat also sometimes 

 elongated ; rest of plumage compact, the feathers distinctly outlined, except 

 on abdomen and anal region. Upperparts mixed gray and brownish, 

 variegated by dai'ker vermiculations or bars, shaft streaks of buffy on 

 scapulars, wing coverts, and tertials, and buffy spots on outer webs of 

 primaries ; sides and flanks broadly barred with black or rufous-chestnut. 

 Sexes alike in coloration, sometimes slightly different. 



Range. — Palearctic Region: Western Europe to Manchuria. Amur- 

 land, and China, south to northern India. (Three species with many 

 races, only one in our region.) 



PERDIX PERDIX PERDIX (Linnaeus) 



Partridge; "Hungarian Partridge" 

 Adult male (winter plumage). — Broad forehead, lores, superciliary 

 stripe, chin, throat, and cheeks between clay color and pale tawny-olive 

 with a slight cinnamomeous tinge ; the auriculars buffy brown ; crown and 

 middle of occiput buffy brown, the feathers dark dull sepia basally and 

 medially, with pale ashy-buff shafts ; nape, interscapulars, and upper back 

 pale mouse gray finely barred with wavy black lines and terminally broadly 

 suffused with pale tawny-olive; scapulars pale tawny-olive to dusky isa- 

 belline, vermiculated with black, crossed by a broad band of dark chestnut 

 about their middle, basally blackish, and with conspicuous buffy-white 

 narrow shaft streaks ; innermost secondaries similar but with the blackish 

 basal area more extended onto the chestnut, which is restricted to the 

 median part of the feathers, not reaching the edges of the webs, some- 

 what grayish terminally; other secondaries tawny-cinnamon crossed by 

 widely spaced triple bars, each bar consisting of two clove-brown to 

 fuscous ones with a pale pinkish buff in between these bars breaking 

 up on the inner webs of the inner secondaries into irregular mottlings ; 

 primaries dull fuscous to clove brown barred with pinkish buff to pale 

 pinkish buff, the pale bars narrow and the interspaces broad; greater 

 upper wing coverts like the scapulars but with the chestnut confined to 

 their inner webs and usually concealed by overlapping of feathers and 

 crossed by widely spaced buffy bars ; median and lesser upper wing 

 coverts like the greater ones but with the buff bars ; feathers of back, 

 lower back, rump, and upper tail coverts like the interscapulars but more 

 buffy and with dark chestnut subterminal sagittate bars, which are edged 

 proximally and distally with pale pinkish buffy, these chestnut bars be- 

 coming much wider on the rump and upper tail coverts ; rectrices argus 

 brown with a chestnut tinge, narrowly tipped with buffy gray, except 



