414 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Adult femde.—Wing 146.5-154.5 (150.1) ; tail 76.0-W.O (78) ; cul- 

 men from basal groove 12.3-13.7 (13.0) ; tarsus 38.7-43.3 (40.9) ; middle 

 toe without claw 29.5-31.4 (30.5 mm.).^ 



Range. — Breeds and is resident in Europe from Belgium and Holland 

 north to Denmark and Norway, Sweden, and Finland, south to north- 

 eastern France, Switzerland, Austria, western Rumania, Macedonia, and 

 Greece, and east to Poland and the Ukraine. Introduced into North 

 America from England and Hungary and is acclimatized in Canada (Sas- 

 katchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, and Manitoba) and the United 

 States (northwestern Kansas, Iowa, southeastern Wisconsin, Montana, 

 eastern Washington, and eastern Oregon). Introduced unsuccessfully 

 in the Eastern States from Maine and New York south to Florida and 

 Mississippi, also in the Central States from Minnesota, Michigan, Illinois, 

 and Indiana south to Nebraska, Arkansas, and Missouri, and also in 

 California. 



Type locality. — Sweden. 



[Tetrao] perdix Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 160 ("Europae agris'' ; descr.) ; 

 ed. 12, i, 1766, 276.— Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 2, 1788, 757. 



Tetrao perdix Beseke, Beytr. Nat. Vog. Kurl., 1792, 71. — Bechstein, Nat. Deutschl., 

 iii, 1793, 527.— Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso- Asiat, ii, 1811, 77. 



Starna perdix Fitzinger, Atl. Nat. Vog., 1864, fig. 237. — Bettoni, Ucc. Lombard., 

 ii, 1867, pi. 8, part.— Fritsch, Nat. Vog., Eur., 1870, 293, pi. 30, fig. 9; Journ. 

 fur Orn., 1871, 379 (Bohemia).— Giglioli, Avif. Ital., 1886, 341; i, 1889, 525; 

 ii, 1890, 661 ; iii, 1891, 516. 



Perdix perdix Hartert, Kat. Mus. Senckenb., 1891, 194.^)gilvie-Grant, Field, 

 Nov. 21, 1891, and Apr. 9, 1892; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, xii, 1893, 62 

 (sexual differences in plumage) ; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxii, 1893, 185. — British 

 Ornithologists' Union, List Brit. Birds, ed. 2, 1915, 313. — Grinnell, Pacific 

 Coast Avif., No. 11, 1915, 180 (California; hypothetical). — Dice, Auk, xxxv, 

 1918, 43 (Tochet Valley, near Prescott, se. Washington, introduced in 1915 ; Co- 

 lumbia County, Wash., introduced several years prior to 1915). — Smith, Auk, 

 xxxviii, 1921, 466 (Meriden, Conn., "thoroughly acclimated and breeding"). — 

 Saunders, Pacific Coast Avif., No. 14, 1921, 172 (Montana; introduced). — 

 Mitchell, Can. Field Nat., xxxviii, 1924, 108 (Saskatchewan; introduced). — 

 Rensch and Neumzig, Journ. fiir Orn., Ixxiii, 1925, 641, in table (sense of taste). 

 ■ — Taverner, Birds Western Canada, 1926, 161 (fig. ; descr. ; distr. ; w. Canada) ; 

 Nat. Mus. Canada Bull. 50, 1928, 91 (near Belvedere, Alberta, introduced) ; Birds 

 Canada, 1934, 163 in text (Canada; distr.; habits); Can. Water Birds, 1939, 

 176 (Canada; field chars.). — ^von Burg, in Fatio and Studer, Ois. Suisse, xv, 



1926, 3101 (Switzerland; monogr.). — Rothschild, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, xlvii, 



1927, 141 (melanistic mutant).— Stresemann, Journ. fiir Orn., Ixxv, 1927, 574 

 (plum, aberrations). — Heinroth, Vog. Mitteleurop., iii, 1927, 235 (devel. of 

 young in captivity). — Larson, Wils. Bull., xl, 1928, 46 (e. McKenzie County, 

 N. Dak.). — Spiker, Wils. Bull., xli, 1929, 24, in text (habits and distr. in nwi 

 Iowa). — HuGUES, L'Oiseau, x, 1929, 54 (Basses — Cevennes, France). — Urner, 

 Abstr. Linn. Soc. New York, No. 39, 40, 1930, 71 (Union County, N. J.).— 

 Miller, Murrelet. xi, 1930, 61, in text (Washington; Paulouse region; intro- 



' Four specimens from France, England, and North Dakota. 



