PLANT ENEMIES AND INSECTICIDES 209 



are laid by this winged female, which in turn hatch 

 into other egg-laying creatures. In some cases the 

 young produced in the first few broods are viviparous, 

 that is, they are produced alive, a complete insect 

 and only the last brood of the season are produced 

 from eggs which remain in crevices of the bark of 

 the plant until the following spring, when they hatch, 

 producing the winged female of the first appearance. 

 The result, as far as the plants are concerned, is the 

 same, the rapid destruction of the foliage and serious 

 injury of the plant. There are several remedies which 

 may be resorted to, both as remedial and as preventive 

 measures. Tobacco dust sprinkled over the young 

 shoots before the leaves develop will often keep them 

 in check. The hot-water bath is effective after they 

 have gained a foot-hold, and where the bushes are of 

 sufficient size to be dipped into a basin of hot water, 

 forms one of the most effectual and satisfactory reme- 

 dies used. In using water for dipping it should not 

 exceed one hundred and thirty-five degrees in heat, 

 a somewhat higher temperature being practicable 

 when used as a spray. Plants can stand a hot water 

 bath which is death to all soft bodied insects. Kero- 

 sene emulsion, if care is taken not to use it of sufil- 

 cient strength to burn the foliage, is usually efficient 

 on all but the gray lice; for this variety of louse I 

 have found nothing really fatal. They infest my 

 honeysuckle and defy all the insecticides I can bring 



