8 Mammals of Burma. L^ 0- *» 



from an unknown locality, is brightly tinged with yellowish above, but has 

 no trace of crest on vertex, the hair of the crown lying very fiat, and the 

 face is but slightly infuscated. M. carbonarius, F. Cuv., is asserted to be from 

 Sumatra ; and upon a casual individual variety from Pegu M. Is. GeofTroy 

 founded his M. aureus, which he elsewhere states to inhabit Sumatra and 

 " vraisemblement Java." Moreover, according to M. Belanger, the orange- 

 coloured M. aureus is commonly to be purchased in Calcutta, which decidedly 

 is not the case. Major Berdmore sent the skin of a young example of the 

 same occasional variety from Mergui; but it can be safely asserted that 

 there is no established race of such a colour, like the Patas monkey, Cer- 

 copithecus ruber, of Abyssinia. M. philippinensis, Is. Geoff.,* is founded on 

 a crestless albino, which has assuredly no claim to be regarded as a peculiar 

 species. Another figure of a mature albino given by Crawfurd in his 

 "Embassy to Siam and Cochin-China," one of a couple of such animals 

 he saw at Bangkok, well represents the Burmese race without a trace of top- 

 knot. The Monkeys of this type are so commonly conveyed about from port 

 to port, not only in European but in native vessels, that erroneous localities 

 are apt to be assigned to specimens; but it is certain that no long-tailed 

 Monkey of the group with fully Laired forehead inhabits the region westward 

 of the Bay of Bengal. How far northward of Akyab the M. cynomolgus 

 extends its range has yet to be ascertained, but it may be safely averred that 

 there is no such animal in the Bengal Sundarbans. The corresponding 

 Indian sub-type, exemplified by M. radiatus of S. India, brown with pale 

 face, and M. pileatus of Ceylon, rufous with dark face, has a semi-nude 

 forehead and longish hair on crown radiating from a centre. This sub-type 

 does not occur eastward of the Bay of Bengal, though a living specimen 

 of M. radiatus was sent from Formosa by Mr. Swinhoe.f who then — mis- 

 taking it for his subsequently described Inuus cyclopia— believed that it 

 inhabited the camphor forests of the interior of that island. In his "Catalogue 

 of the Mammals of China, inclusive of those of Formosa,"^ he makes no 

 reference to such a species. Upon certain of the Mcobar Islands the Aigrette 

 Monkey has been probably introduced, as, according to the Abbe de la 

 Caille, it was in the Mauritius by the Portuguese. There it had become 

 numerous in the last century, and its habits, in a state of freedom, as observed 

 upon that island, are described in Grant's "History of the Mauritius," 

 published in 1801. In all probability the present Philippine race is not 

 indigenous to that great archipelago. 



* Arch, du Museum, ii. p. 668, t. 33. 



t J. A. S. B. xxk. note to p. 88. + P. Z. S. 1870, p. 615. 



