170 



MANUAL OF BOTANY 



very sliort ; in the Primrose [fig. 367), and commonly in the 

 Primulacese, a similar condition also occurs. In the Fuchsia, 

 Lily, Grasses (fig. 33]), and Sedges [fig. 329), the filaments are 

 usually very long. 



In colour the filaments are generally white, but at other 

 times they assume vivid tints like the corolla or perianth ; thus 



Fig. 335. 



Fig. 336. 



Fig. 337. 



Fiij. 335. Gyn(£cinmand androeciura of Cramhe. The longer 



filaments are forked. Fig. 336. A stamen of the Borage 



{Bordffo officinalis). /.Filament. «. Curved appendage to 



the filament. Z. Anther. Fit/. 337. Corolla of Mijosotis 



or Forget-me-not, laid open. There are five stamens with 

 very .short filaments attached to the corolla and included 



within its tube. Fig. 338. Staminate fLOV^er ol Eaphorhia, 



consisting of a solitary stamen, &,-withoiit any floral envelopes surrounding 

 it, hence it is said to be naked or achlamydeous. The anther is two- 

 lobed, and the connective very small, a. Articulation, indicating the 

 point of union of the true filament and peduncle, p. Fig. 339. Trans- 

 verse section of a young anther of Neottia picta. From Schleiden. 

 A. Back of the anther to which the connective is attached. E, E. The 

 two lobes of the anther, a. Vascular bundle of the connective. d^ci,d,d. 

 The four microsporangia or pollen-sacs. 



in the Spidersvort they are blue, in various species of Ranun- 

 culus and of CEnothera yellovs', in some Poppies black, in 

 Fuchsia red, &c. 



In direction the filaments, and consequently the stamens, 

 are either erect, incurved, recurved, pendulous, &c. : these terms 

 being used in their ordinary acceptation. When the filaments 

 are all turned towards one side of the flower, as in the Horse- 

 chestnut and Amaryllis, they are said to be cleclinate. Uene- 

 rally speaking, their direction is nearly the same from one end 



