MORPHOLOGY OP THE FRUIT AND SEED 253 



carpels which separate from each other and burst with elasticity, 

 as in Ricinus {fir/. 543) and Hura creidtans (fig. 544), it has 

 been called a regma, and the constituent carpels are termed cocci. 

 5. The Bacca or Berry is an inferior, indehiscent, one- or 

 more celled, many-seeded, pulpy fruit {figs. 545 and 546). The 

 pulp is produced from the placentas, which are parietal {fig. 

 545, pi), and have the seeds', s, s, at first attached to them ; 

 but these become ultimately separated and lie loose in the pulp, 

 p. Examples may be found in the Gooseberry and Currant. The 

 Fig. 645. 



Fici. 546. 



FiGf. 547. 



Fig. 545. Transverse section of a berry of the Gooseberry {Ribes Grossulai-ia). 



pi. Placentas. 5, s. Seeds imbedded in pulp, p. Fig. 546. Raceme of 



beiTies of the Ked Currant (Ribes ruhruiii). Fig. 547. Nuculanium or 



fruit of the Vine ( Vitis mnifera). Fig. 548. Transverse sectiou of the 



pepo of the Melon, cl, cl, cl. Carpels. pl,pl,pl, pi, pi, pi. Curved placentas, 

 sending processes, s, from the circumference, t, to the centre, and thus 

 causing the fruit to be spuriously three-celled. 



name haccate or berried is applied by many botanists to any 

 fruit of a pulpy nature. 



6. The Amphisarca. — A superior, many-celled, indehiscent, 

 many-seeded fruit, indurated or woody externally, pulpy in- 

 ternally. Examples, Omphalocarpus, Adansonia, Grescentia. 



7. The Pepo is an inferior, one-celled, or spuriously three- 

 celled {fig. 548), many-seeded, fleshy, or pulpy fruit. The seeds 

 are attached to parietal placentas, and are imbedded in pulp, 

 but they never become loose as is the case in the berry ; and 

 hence this fruit is readily distinguished from it. 



There has been much discussion with regard to the structure 

 of the pepo. By some botanists the placentas are considered as 

 axile, and the fruit normally three-celled, as it is formed of three 



