DISSBOTION or THE ABDOMEN. 341 



concave side of the bowel, and are surrounded in common by a ring-like 

 valvular fold of mucous membrane. The opening of the accessory 

 pancreatic duct is placed opposite to these. 



Fig. 45. 

 Stomach, everted and inflated. 

 1. Left (cardiac) sac with its cuticidar mucous lining ; 2, Right (pyloric) sac with its villous 

 mucons lining; 3. Cnticular ridge; 4. Termination of oesophagus; 6. Initial part of duodenum; 

 6. Pyloric ring. 



STRUCTURE OF THE LIVER. 



Lay the organ with its diaphragmatic surface downwards. Find the 

 portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct, at the portal fissure, and trace 

 them for a little distance into the liver. Invert the organ, and observe the 

 course of the posterior vena cava in the anterior fissure, and the mouths 

 of the hepatic veins which there discharge themselves into the cava. 



Tunics or Capsules of the liver. These are two in number: 1. A 

 peritoneal coat, giving the free surface of the organ its smooth and 

 glistening characters. 2. A tunica propria, or fibrous coat, placed 

 beneath the preceding. All over the surface of the liver it sends 

 inwards delicate processes that join the interlobular connective-tissue, 

 and at the portal fissure it furnishes a sheath that accompanies the 

 portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct into the liver. This sheath 

 is the capsule of Glisson. 



Lobules of the Liver. — When a fresh-cut surface of the liver is 

 examined, it shows a system of lines mapping it out into areas about 



