14 NOETH AMEEICAN SHOKEBIEDS. 



The data on the breeding and wintering of the shorebirds has 

 been collated from all available printed sources, from the manuscript 

 reports of the field naturalists of the Biological Survey, and from the 

 specimens and catalogues of the United States National Museum. 

 The dates of migration have been obtained principally from the 

 migration schedules sent in by the several hundred observers in 

 the United States and Canada, who for a quarter of a century 

 have contributed to the Biological Survey spring and fall reports of 

 their observations. It is a pleasure to testify to Jthe earnest and con- 

 scientious efforts these observers have put forth fox the solving of 

 some of the phases of Nature's great migration problem and to 

 return thanks to them for their painstaking labors. 



KOBTH AMERICAN SHOKEBIBDS. 

 Bed Fhalarope. PhalaropusfulicaniLS (Linn.). 



Breeding range. — The summer home of the red phalarope is 

 circumpolar, and the species is known at this season from the whole 

 northern coast and islands of America, Europe, and Asia, except a 

 few regions, the most notable of which is the eastern coast of Green- 

 land. It has been known to breed south to St. Michael, Alaska, 

 63° N. (Nelson) ; to Cape, Eskimo, west coast of Hudson Bay, 61° N. 

 (Preble); Hudson Strait, 62° N. (Turner); and to the south end of 

 Greenland, 60° N. (Schalow). It has been noted north to 83° N., 

 north of Spitzbergen (Sverdrup); 82° 30' Nt on Ellesmere Island 

 (Feilden); Melville Island, 74° 30' N. (Parry); and Point Barrow, 

 71° N. (Murdoch). It is especially abundant as a breeder along the 

 coast and islands of Arctic America. 



Winter range. — ^The Old World winter home of the species extends 

 south to Morocco, India, China, and New Zealand. Knowledge of 

 the winter range in the Western Hemisphere is very meager. The 

 species has been noted in the extreme southern parts of South 

 America on the Falkland Islands (Schalow), and Juan Fernandez 

 (Sharpe) ; in ]?fovember, when it may have been migrating, at 

 Coquimbo, northern Chile (Salvin); on December 5 in Chile, locality 

 not designated (Sharpe) ; specimens are recorded from Argentina and 

 Colombia (Sharpe), without date or locality. The lack of records for , 

 this species is remarkable. There seem to be no records whatever for 

 the West Indies nor for the whole of middle America, except the 

 western coast of Lower California, where the species is ordinarily a 

 rare spring and fall migrant, but occasionally is seen in large flocks 

 (Kaeding). Stragglers have been noted at Mount Pleasant, S. C, 

 December 4, 1900 (Wayne); on the coast of northern Lower Cali- 

 fornia, February 21 (Belding); and occasionally in winter at San 

 Diego, Calif. (McGregor). 



