SIMU, 17 



added to the Museum since then, but all of them have the 

 features which distinguish the skull figured by Owen an 

 S. morio. Among the other numerous additions which have 

 been made towards the illustration of this anthropoid ape, three 

 skulls, nearly the name size as the adult female skull and thus 

 resembling the skull named S. morio, are the skulls of ado- 

 lescent males, their milk teeth being only partially shed. 

 Each of these skulls thus still possessed a great capacity for 

 growth. In four still younger male skulls, nearly equalling 

 in size the adult female skull, but yet with milk incisors and 

 canines, the likeness between the sexes, notwithstanding the 

 disparity of age, is very great ; the after-divergence, however, is 

 enormous. After a careful and repeated consideration of the 

 foregoing specimens, skeletons, and skins, the same conclusion 

 has always been arrived at, that these materials are all refer- 

 able to one large species of Orang-outang so far as the adult 

 males and females, and probably also the adolescents and 

 young, are concerned. As indicated above, there would, how- 

 ever, appear to be a dark and pale variety. 



Some of the males of the dark race had chpek excrescences, 

 while others had not, whereas none of the males of the pale 

 variety manifested any trace of such facial enlargements. I 

 have observed these cheek excrescences beginning to show 

 themselves in a baby dark-coloured male Orang, and have also 

 seen them in another young male of the same colour, pro- 

 bably 6 years of age. 



In 1841 Sir James Brooke^ stated that the Mias rambi of 

 Borneo was taller than the Mias pappan, which is the Bornean 

 race provided with cheek excrescences, and that the Rambi 

 was destitute of those structures. Wallace'' also mentions 

 that the Dyaks of North-Western Borneo have names for 

 three species of Mias, although he could never find any 

 one who could determine them with precision. The Dyaks 

 say that the 'Mias rambi, which has very long hair, equals 

 the Mias chappan ot pappan in size, but that it has no cheek 

 excrescences. Wallace, however, regarded the Mias rambi as 

 probably only rare examples of the large species in which the 

 excrescences have been little or at all developed. In the "Malay 

 Archipelago" no mention is made of the Mias rambi, nor indeed 

 of Orangs without cheek excrescences equalhng in dimensions 

 those provided with these structures : all the Orangs, Mias 



',Proc. Zool. Soc. liondon, p. 55. 



» Ann. and Mag. Nat. Uist., 1856, Vol. XVII, p. 475. 



