Modern Breaking 57 



the field or in keeping him in hand during his 

 other lessons. 



The lead should be made out of a strip of 

 rawhide six feet long and three-quarters of an 

 inch wide. One end should be doubled back 

 and sewed so as to form a six or seven inch 

 loop for the handhold. At the other end should 

 be sewed a metal oval, through which the end 

 of the strap can be passed, to form a sliding 

 loop collar that can be easily passed on or off 

 over a dog's head. Where the strap comes in 

 contact with the dog's neck it should be left full 

 width, but between that part and the hand grasp 

 the lead can be lightened by trimming it down 

 to three-eighths or one-half inch, and it will 

 still be strong enough. 



THE SPIKE COLLAR. 



There has been considerable improvement in 

 spike collars. One that was in use a number of 

 years ago was made of wooden balls, studded 

 with sharpened wire nails. A hole, three-eighths 

 of an inch in diameter, was bored through the 

 wooden balls, and four of them were strung on 

 a cord, separated by knots and adjusted to the 

 dog's neck, as a sliding noose. This inhuman 

 aiTair, has passed out of use. The only prac- 

 tical spike collar that has ever been on 

 market is what is known as the B. Waters' 

 spike collar. It was originally described in 



