HAEPOEHYNCHUS EUFUS, THEASHEE. 9 



(Fort Union, breeding).— Cotjes, Key, 1872, 74.— Almu, Bull. M. C. Z. iii, 1879, 



174 (Kansas, Colorado, Utah). — Mayn., B. Fla. 1872, 19. — And of most late 



authors. 

 Gahoscopies caroUnensis, Cab. — Bd., Eev. 1864, .54. — SuMicn., Mera. Bost. Soo. i, 1869, 544 



(Vera Cruz, transient).— SCL., P. Z. S. 1870, 836 (Honduras).- Stev., U. S. Geol. 



Surv. 1870, 464.— Merk., ibid. 1873, 670. 

 Felivox caroUnensis, Bp., Comp. Eend. xxviii, 1853, p. — 

 Turdus felivox, Vieill., Ois. Am. Sept. ii, 1807, 10, pi. 67.— Bp., Journ. Phila. Acad, iv, 



1825, 30 ; Syn. 1828, 75.— NuTT., i, 1832, 332.— Auc, Oru. Biog. ii, 171 ; v, 440 ; 



pi. 128. 

 Orpheus felivox, Sw. & EiCH., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 192.— AuD., Syn. 1839, 88.— Auc, B. Am. 



ii, pi. 140. 

 Minius felivox, Bp., Comp. List, 1838, 18 ; Consp. Av. i, 1850, 276. 

 Tardus Uvidits, WiLS., Am. Orn. ii, 1810, 90, pi. 14, f. 3. 



Hob. — United States, north to Eed Eiver and Saskatchewan (latitude 54°, Biohard- 

 son) ; west to the Columbia, to Utah, Wyoming and Colorado ; south to Panama. Mexico. 

 Cuba. Resident in the Southern States. Breeds throughout its North American range. 



Not obtained by Captain Eaynolds' Expedition. 



Lieutenant Warren's Expedition. — 4704, White Eiver; 5285, 5286, Fort Lookout. 1 "^ 



Later Expeditions. — 59853, Berthoud's Pass, Colorado; 60443, La BontS Creek, Wy-., ' i 

 omlug; 60720, Fort Bridger; 61653, Ogden, Utah. ■ / - 



The known range of this familiar species has been greatly extended /tii^' 

 of late. It was taken in Washington Territory by the Northwest ,'■ 

 Boundary Survey Commission ; in Kansas, Colorado, and Utah by Mr. -, 

 Allen's expedition from the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and in Wy- 

 oming by Mr. Stevenson. Dr. Hayden remarks its abundance from the 

 mouth of the Missouri to the mountains. 



Eggs pure dark-green, unmarked, 0.92 by 0.68 in size, four or live in 

 number. Nest in bushes, bulky and inartistic, made of bark-strips, 

 weed-stalks, leaves, and rootlets. 



V / 



r- '^ HAEPOEHYNCHUS EUFUS, (Linn.) Cab. % 6- 



Sandy MockingbiM ; Thrasheri ' 



Turdus rvfua, Linn., Syst. Nfit. i, 1766, 293.— Vieill., Ois. Am. Sept. ii, 1807, 4, pi. 59.— 



WiLS., Am. Orn. ii, 1810, 83, pi. 14.— Bp., Syn. 1828, 75.— Auc, Oru. Biog. ii, 



1834, 102 ; v, 1839, 441 ; pi. 116. 

 Orpheus rufus, Sws. & EiOH., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 189.— Nutt., Man. i, 1832, 328.- Add., 



B. Am. iii, 1841, 9, pi. 141.— Telppe, Pr. Ess. Inst, vi, 1871, 116 (Minnesota). 

 Mimus rufus, Gkay, Genera of Birds. — Bp., Comp. List, 1838, 18. 

 toxostoma rufuin, Cab., Weigm. Archiv. 1847, 207. 

 Sarporhynchus rufus. Cab., Mus. Heiu. 1851, 82. — Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 353. — Hayd., Eep. 



1862, 163.— Bd., Eev. 1864, 44.— Coop., Am. Nat. iii, 1869, 296 (Upper Missouri, 



breeding).— CouES, Key, 1872, 75.— Allen, Bull. M. C. Z. iii, 1872, 173. — Mayn., 



B. Fla. 1872, 21.— And of most late authors. 

 Sarporhynchus rufus var. longicauda, Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 353, in text. — Stev., U. S. Geol. 



Surv. 1872, 464. 



Sab. — Eastern United States; north to Eed Eiver; west through Nebraska, Dakota, Vj',,:. 

 and Colorado. From the Eio Grande southward replaced by a lon<Ter-billed, darker- 

 colored race {S. longiroslris). Winters iu Southern United States. Breeds throughout -'_; _ 

 its range. (No West Indian or Central American quotations.) .'■ ' -" 



List of specimens. ^ '' H 



19346 



Sage Creek . . 



June 13, 1860 



G. H. Trook... 11.00 



13.50 



4.38 



This specimen represents the subvariety rufiis longicauda. So, also, does No. 60442, S-if. 

 expedition of 1870, Bitter Cottonwood Creek, Wyoming. ' 



Lieutenant Warren's Expedition. — 4553, Missouri River; 5283, 5284, Fort Lookout; 

 4703, Eunning Water ; 8819, 8820, Loup Fork. 



These specimens are of the ordinary form, and probably represent 

 nearly the western limit of the typical species. I have seen it at Port 

 Eandall. The following interesting biographical note is communicated 

 by Mr. Allen : 



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