PYEANGA LUDOVICIANA, LOUISIANA TANAGEE. 



83 



nah. — The typical form from the Eastern United States, north to Connecticut (Lins- 

 Icji) and Massachusetts {.JilUon, quoted by Putnam, Allen, Coues, and Maynard; strag- 

 gling even to Nova Scotia, lUdgway, loc. cit. spec, in Mus. Smiths.)- West to Kansas and 

 the Indian Territory. South through a part of the West Indies (Cuba ; Jamaica) and 

 Eastern Mexico to Central America, New Granada, Ecuador, and Peru. Var. cooxieri 

 from Southern Middle Province, latitude 35°. South through Western Mexico. ? 



Tliis species, like tlie last, merely reaches the eastern extremity of the 

 Missouri region. AVith a range generally coincident with that of P. rubra, 

 the Summer Redbird is somewhat more southerly, being rare or casual 

 eveu in Southern New England, beyond which I have found no record, 

 exceptiug Mr. Ridgway's citation, based on a specimen in the Smith- 

 sonian, of " Nova Scotia." The bird breeds throughout its United States 

 range, but wholly withdraws from this country in winter, penetrating 

 very far south. 



As stated in the Key, Pyranga cooperi is not a tenable species, but 

 may be recognized as a geographical race. In Cooper's late work, 

 ^^ Pyranga hejjatica, Coues," is cited as synonymous, but is so only in part. 

 I included, under the bead of hepatica, page 71 of the Academy's Pro- 

 ceedings for 1866, my Rio Grande specimens, afterward made types of 

 var. cooperi ; but this is simply a mistake, not to be held to overbalance 

 the rest of my notice, which was based on hepatica proper, as shown by 

 the synonyms adduced. 



The egg of the Summer Redbird is not distinguishable with certainty 

 from that of the Scarlet Tauager, though it averages rather larger. It 

 also closely resembles that of the Rose breasted Grosbeak. 



PYRANGALUDOYICIANA, (Wils.) Bp. 

 Lonisiana Tauager. 



Tanagra Itidoviciana, WiLS., Am. Oru. iii, 1811, 27, pi. 22, fig. 1. — AuD., Orn. Blog. iv, 

 1838, 385 ; v, 1-^39, 90, pi. 354, 400. (Name geograpicalJy inappropriate.) 



Tanagra (Ft/ranga) ladoviclana, Bp., Syn. 182-*, 105. — Nutt., Man, i, 1832, 471. 



Pyranga ludoviciana, Bp. — Add., Syn. 1839, 137. — AuD., B. Am. iii, 1841, 211, pi. 210l— 

 SCL., P. Z, S. 1856, 125.— Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 303.— Heerm., P. E. E. Eep. x, 1859, 

 52.— Coop. & Suck., N. H. Wash. Ter. 1850, 182.— Sol., P. Z. S. 1856, 125 (Gna- 

 temala) ; 1859, 377 (Oaxaca) ; 1857, 213 (Orizaba) ; 1862, 19 (Parada, M<>x.) ; 

 Ibis, 1859, 15 (Guatemala).— Coues, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1866, 71.— CJoop., Am. Nat. 

 iii, 18G9, 33 —Coop., B. Cal. 1870, 145.— Sumich., Mem. Bost. Soc. i, 1839, 550 

 (Vera Cruz).— Allen, Bull. M. C. Z. 1872, 175.— Aikex, Pr. Bost. Soc. 1872, 198 

 (Colorado).— Coues, Key, 1872, 112.— Mekk., U. S. Geol. Surv. Ter. 1872, 078. 



Pyranga enjihroivf, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxviii, 1819, 291, 



Sab. — Upper Missouri and eastern foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains to the Pacific. 

 Mexico. South to Guatemala. Not north of the United States ? 



List of specimens. ' 



19207 

 19208 

 19334 

 19335 



Wind Eiver . 

 Snate Eiver. 

 Pryor's Fork. 

 , do 



May 24,1860 

 June 18, 1860 

 June 22, 1860 

 do 



F. V. Hayden. 

 , do 



G. H.Trook.. 

 do 



Lieutenant Warren's Expedition. — 8822, Black Hills ; SS23, Laramie Peak. 

 Later Expeditions.— ewm, Wyoming; 61663, Utah; 02278-86, Idaho. 



The elegant Louisiana Tanager has been ascertained to breed in the 

 vicinity of Laramie Peak, vrhere several examples have been procured 

 in a higher state of plumage than that usually described as adult — the 

 whole head and throat intense scarlet, the middle of the back pure black, 

 and the rump rich chrome-yellow. Dr. Hayden's specimens are also in- 

 teresting in establishing, aji extreme^limit of J.he species, as far as now 



