114 ^GIOTHUS LINAEIA, EED-POLL LINNET, 



Longspurs. During summer there is no ash whatever on the head ; 

 but in some thirty or forty specimens killed during the past week (De- 

 cember) the ash is present in every one. In three or four this color ex- 

 tends below the eyes and over the cheeks : and in two it embraces the 

 throat. Bill, black in summer, yellow in winter with a black tip." 

 Mr. Dall has given us an interesting note upon var. griseinucha : 

 "This species abounds on the Prybilov and Aleutian Islands- A 

 number of specimens were obtained on St. George's in August, although 

 they were moulting at the time. * * * # rphis beautiful bird had 

 no song at that season except a clear chirp, sounding like ' iceei-a-weet-a- 

 wee-weet' It was on the wing a great part of the time, avoiding alight- 

 ing on the ground, but darting rapidly in a series of ascending and de- 

 scending curves, now swinging on the broad top of an umbelliferous 

 plant, and now alighting on some ledge of the perpendicular bluft', 

 jumping from point to point, and seemingly delighting in testing its own 

 agility. Tbeir nest is a simple hollow on one of these ledges, provided 

 with a few straws or bits of moss. They lay four white eggs in May 

 (0.&7 by 0.67). In August the young were fully fledged. They are 

 granivorous, apparently, but I found two or three small beetles in the 

 crop of one which I skinned." 



The same author's later article, above quoted, is as follows : "This is 

 one of the most abundant small birds of the [Aleutian] islands, and is 

 especially common at Oonalashka, where it is resident. On the 24:th of 

 May we found a nest situated in a crevice of a rocky bank on the shore 

 of Captain's Harbor, Oonalashka. It was of grass, very neatly sewed 

 together, and lined with fine grass and a few feathers. It contained five 

 white eggs in a fresh condition, and was about twelve feet above the 

 beach. The bird was most common on the grassy banks and rocky 

 bluffs near the shore ; I do not remember ever having seen one on the 

 higher hills or mountains. It is usually found singly or in pairs." 



^^GIOTHUS LESTARIA, (Linn.) Cab. ■'- 

 Red-poll Linnet, "^v^-i, ' 



FrlngiUa llnaria, LixN., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 322.— Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 917.— WiLS., Am. 

 Orn. iv, 41, pi. 30, f. 4 ; ix, 126.— Tem:.i., Man. Orn. 1820, 373 {nee 1835).— Bp., 

 Syn. 1828, 112.— NuTT., Man. i, 1832, ."^12.— AuD., Orn. Biog. iv, 1838, 533, pi. 375. 



Fringilla (AcantMs) linaria. Keys. & Blas., Wirbel. Europ. 1840, 161. 



Passer linaria, Pall., Zoog. E.-A. ii, 1811, 25. 



Spinus Uiiarins, KoCH, Syst. Zool. 233. 



lAnota linaria, Bp., List, 1838, 34.— HoLBOiiLL, Fn. Groen. 1846, 29? 



AcantMs linaria, Bp., Consp. i, 1850, .541. — Bp. & ScH., Mon. Los. 48, pi. 52. 



JEgiotlms linarius. Cab., Mas. Hein. 1851. 161.— Bd., B. N. A. 1858. 428.— CoUES, Pr. Phila. 

 Acad. 1861, 382.— Dall & Bann., Tr. Chic. Acad, i, 1869, 281 (Alaska).— Coop., 

 B. Cal. 1870, 159.— CouES, Key, 1872, 130, pi. 3, figs. 1, 2, 4, 5.— Mayn., Guide, 

 1870, 110.— Stev., U. S. Geol. Surv. Ter. 1870, 464.— B. B. & E., N. A. B. i, 1874, 

 493, pi. 22, f. 3, 5 ; and of most late writers. 



Linaria minor, Sw. & ElCH., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 267.— AuD., Syn. 1839, 114 ; B. Am. iii, 

 1841, 122, pi. 179.— GiE., B. L. I. 1844, 116.— Teippe, Pr. Ess. Inst, vi, 1871, 116 

 (Minnesota). 



Fringilla borealis, Vieill., Nouv. Diet, xxi, 341 ; nee Temm. 



Linaria americana, Maxim., J. f. O. vi, 1858, 338. 



Mgioihus fmcescens, Cooes, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1861, 222 (Labrador) ; 1861, 380 ; 1869, 

 186. — Elliot, B. N. A. pi. 10. (Midsummer plumage.) 



JEgiothus linaria var. fascescens, CouES, Key, 1872, 131, pi. 3, f. 3. 



Mab. — The typical form in North America, from Atlantic to Pacific, ranging irregu- 

 larly southward, in flocks, in winter, to the Middle States (sometimes a little beyond) 

 and corresponding latitudes in the West. No late record of breeding in the United 

 ■States. ("Breeds in Maine, Nova Scotia," &c., Audiibon.) 



Not obtained by the earlier Expeditions. 



Later Expeditions. — 60977-88, various Wyoming localities. 



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