PICUS VILLOSUS, HAIRY WOODPECKER. 279 



CampepHlna pileatus, Reich., Hand-bnch Sp. Orn. 391, pi. 647, figs. 4317, 4318. 

 flijlatormis pileatus, Bn., B. N. A. 1858, 107 ; and of most United States writers. 

 Eylotomus pileatus, Coop., B. Cal. i, 1870, SQG.— Codes, Key, 1872, 192, fig. 128.— Snow, 



B. Kans. 1873, 3. (rare).— B. B, & R., N. A. B. ii, 1874, 550, pi. 56, f. 5, 6. 

 Ccophlcetts pileatus, Cab., J. f. 0. 1862, 176. , 



Phlccotomus pileatus, Cab. & Heine, Mus. Heiu. iv, 1863, 102. 

 Sat. — Timbered regions of Nortli America at large. 



This large species was not noticed by either of the Expeditions, and 

 is doubtless of rare, if more than casual, occurrence in most parts of 

 the Missouri region, which is not heavily wooded enough to suit its 

 habits. It varies greatly in size according to latitude. 



' PICUS VILLOSUS, Linn. " yU 

 Hairy Woodpecker. 



a. villosus. (Wing-coverts profusely white-spotted.) 

 a', niajores. (Northern examples, 10 to 11 inches long.) 



Ficus villoszis, PoEST., Phil. Trans. Isii, 1772, 383.— Sw. & Rich., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 305.— 



Dall & Bann-., Tr. Ciiic. Acad, i, 1869, 274. 

 Ficus villosus var. major, Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 84. — Sund., Consp. Av. Pic. 1866, 16. 

 Ficus villosus var. canadensis, B. B. & R., N. A. B. ii, 1874, 503. 

 Ficus leucomelas, Bodd., Tabl. P. E. 1783, pi. 345, f. 1 (Pic du Canada, BuFlf.).— Gray, 



Hand-list, ii, 1870, 185, No. 8599.— Cass., Pr. Phila. Acad. 1863, 199. 

 Dryohates leucomelas, Cab. & Heine, Mus. Hein. iv, 1863, 67. 

 Fie^ls canadensis, Gm., i, 437 {Pious rarius canadensis; Bi:i6S., Orn. iv, 45, No. 16, pi. 2, f. 



2, 9 ).— Lath., Ind. Orn. i, 1790, 230.— Stepii., Gen. Zool. ix, 173.— Vieill. 



Nouv. Diet, xxvi, 92; Encv. iii, 1318.— AUD., Orn. Biog. v, 1839, 188, pi. 417, 



Syu. 1839, 177 ; B. Am. iv, 1842, 235 ; p!. 258 — Bp., Consp. i, 1850, 137.— Reich.; 



Hand-buck Sp- Orn. 373, pi. 638, figs. 4250, 4251.— Maxh., Mon. Pic. i, 78, pi, 



21, f. 4. 

 Ficus pUllipsii, AuD., Orn. Biog. v, 1839, 186, pi. 417 ; Syn. 1839, 177 ; B. Am. iv, 1842, 



238, pi. 259 (young, with yellow crown). — Nutt., Man. i, 1840, 686. — Malh., 



Mon. Pic. i, 84, pi. 21, t 5.— Gray, Hand-list, ii, 1870, 185, No. 8601. 

 Ficus philipsii, Gray, Gen. of B. ii, 435. 



Picus philipsi, Bp., Consp. Av. i, 1850, 138. ' 



Pious pUlippsii, Reich., Hand-bnch Sp. Orn. 364, pi. 632, figs. 4204, 4205. 

 THchopicus pUUpsi, Bp., Consp. Vol. ZygocL, Aten. Ital. 1854, 8. 

 Ficus septentrionalis, NuTT., Man. i, 1840, 684 { = pMllipsii). 



b.' medii. (Intermediate examples, 9 to 10 inches long.) 



Ficus villosus, Linn.; Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 175 (Kj\lm, It. iii, 43 ; P. varius medius quasi 

 villosus, Catbs., i, 19 ; P. varius virginianus, Briss., iv, 48 ; Pic varie de Virginie, 

 Buff., P. E. 754).— Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 435.— Lath., lud. Orn. i, 1790, 232 

 (England).— Vieill., Ois. Am. Sept. ii, 1807, 64, pi. 120.— Wils., Am. Orn. i, 

 1808, 150, pi. 9.— Steph., Gen. Zool. ix, 171.— Vieill., Nouv. Diet, xxvi, 71 ; 

 Encv. 1305.— Ndtt., Man. i, 1832, 575.— Bp., Syn. 1828, 46 ; List, 1838, 39 ; Consp. 

 j, 1850, 137.— AuD., Orn. Biog. v, 1839, 164, pi. 416 ; Syn. 1839, 179 ; B. Amer. iv, 

 1842, 244, nl. 262.— Gi;ay, Gen. of B. ii, 435.— Reich., liand-buch Sp. Orn. 374, pi. 

 638, figs. 4'i52, 4253, 4254.-Malii., Mon. Pic. i, 75, pi. 21, f. 1, 2,— Gray, Hand- 

 list, ii. 1870, 184, No. 8592.— CoUES, Key, 1872, 193. -C.4SS., Pr. Phila. Acad. 

 1863, 199.— Snow, B. Kans. 1873, 3.— Allen, Bull. M. C. Z. iii, 1872, 180.— 

 Frxscn, Abh. Nat. iii, 1872, 60 (Alaska).— Hayd., Rep. 155. — Hart., Man. Brit. 

 Birds, 1872, 122 (accidental in England ; three iu.stauces). 



Pious villosus var medius, Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 84. — Sund., Consp. Av. Pic. 1866, 16. 



Picus villosus var. villosus, B. B. &, R., N. A. B. ii, 1874, .503, pi. 49, f. 3, 4, 5. 



Trichopicus rilloms, Bp., Consp. Vol. Zygod., Aten. Ital. 1854, 8. 



Trichopipo villosus, "Cab. & Heine, Mus. Bcrol." 



Drijolates villosus, Cab. & Heine, Mus. Hein. iv, 1863, 66. 



Picus leucomelanus, Wacl., Syst. Av. 1827 (young). — Malh., Mon. Pic. i, 85. 



Picus martiiia, Aud., Oru. Biog. v, 1839, 81, pi. 417 ; Syn. 1839, 178 ; B. Am. iv, 1842, 

 240, pi. 260 ("Canada;" but ascribed dimensions not those of the large northern 

 race; young). — Gr.iy, Gen. of B. ii, 435. — Bp., Consp. i, 18.50, 138. — Reich., 

 Hand-buch, 364, pi. 632, figs. 4206, 4207. 



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