STRIX FLAMMEA VAE. AMERICANA, BARN OWL. 299 



Wheat., Ohio Agric. Rep. 1860, No. 20.— DiiEss., Ibi,s, 1865, 330 (Texas).— 

 COUKS, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1866, 49 (Arizona).- Lawr., Ann. Lye. N. Y viii, 1866, 

 281 (New York, rare).— DiiK.ss., Ibis, 1862, 49 (Texas).— CoUES., Pr. Ess. Inst, v, 

 186H, 312 (Massacbusetts).— CoUES, Pr. Bost. See. 1H68, 119 (Soutli Caroliaa).— 

 Bryant, Pr. Bost. Soc. 1867, 6').— Aij,1!N, Am. Nat. iii, 570 (Springfield, Mass. ; 

 Sacbeni's Head, Conn. ; Stratford, Conn.) ; ibid. 646 (Lynn, Mass.).— Tumi., B. E. 

 Pa. 1869, 8.— Coop., B. Cal. i, 1870, 415.- Coues, Pr. Phila. Aead. 1871, 27 (North 

 Carolina).— Snow, B. Kaus. 1873, 2. 



Sttix flammea var. pratincola, Ridgw.— B. B, & E., N. A. B. iii, 1874, 13. 



Stiix perlata, ("LiciiT."), Kaup, Tr. Z. S. iv, 1859, 247. 



e. furcata. 



Strix flammea ex htsnlia AvfiU. 



Sliix pratincola, GOSSE, B. Jam. 1847, 23. 



SU-ix furcata, Temm., PI. Color. 4.S2 (Cnba).— D'Orb., La Sagra's Cuba,Ois. 34. 



Strix flammea var. furcata, Ridgw.— B. B. & R., N. A. B. iii, 1874, 12. 



f. yuatemalcB. 



Strix flammea var. guaiemalai, Ridgw. — B. B. & R., N. A. B. iii, 1874, 11. 



g. perlata. 



Strix flammea, Dakw., Zool. Voy. Beag. 34.— Sciiomb., Guiana, 732.— Spix, Av. Bras, i, 21. 



Strix flammea var. perlata, Ridgw. — B. B. & R., N. A. B. iii, 1874, 12. 



<Sirij:|)e)-iata, Light., Verz. 1823, 59. — Maxim., Beit, iii, 363 (exel. .syn.) — Haute., Ind. 



Azara, 3. — TsciiuDi, Wiegm. Arch, ltf-14, 267.— Bridges, P. Z. S, xi, 110; Ann. 



Nat. Hist, xiii, 500.— Ka'u P, Mon. dtrig. Cont. Oru. 1852, 119.— Sti;icke., Orn. 



Syn. 1855, 180 (excl. syu. furcata, Tejim.). 



Hab. — The Strix flam.mea type of Owl is found in nearly all warm and temperate 

 parts of the globe. Var. flammea: Europe, Africa. \ar. jaranica: parts of Asia, 

 Java, &c. Var. delicatula: Australia, &c. Var. americana: North America aucl 

 Mexico ; not beyond the United States ; rather southerly ; rarely north to New En- 

 gland and the Columbia. Vav. furcata : West Indits (Cuba, Jamaica). Var. rjuate- 

 vialce: Central America. Yar. perlata: South America generally. 



The foregoing appear to be unquestionably geographical races of a single species, 

 slightly modified, by climate and other circumstances, in size, form, or coloring, but 

 not sulBciently impressed to be permanently separable. In a number of other rfl'shoots 

 of this same Strix stock the modification has progressed further, and become sufficiently 

 profound for the characterization of "species." Instances in point are the following: 

 S PUNCTATISSIMA, Gray (Zool. Voy. Beagle, iii, 34, pi. 4), from the Galapagoes; S. cax- 

 DiDA, of Tickell (J. A. S. B. ii, 572 = .S. longimembris, Jerd., JIadras Jouru. x. 8'j), from 

 Southern Asia; S. capensis, Smith (111. S. Afr. Zool. 9; Miill., J. f. O. ii, 3',)d), of South 

 Ai ilea, where S. flammta is also found ; another form, .S. poENSis, Eraser, P. Z. S. 1842, 

 189, is described from Fernando Po; S. nov^ehollasdi.e, Steph. (Shaw's Gen.' Zool. 

 xiii, pt. ii, 61 = S. personata, Vig., P. Z. S. i, 50; Gould, B. Aust. i, pi. ■J9 = S. c-;ctops, 

 Gould, P. Z. S. iv, 140 ^ Dacti/lostrix peisovata, Kaup, Mon. Strig. Cout. Oru. 1852, 119), 

 of Australia; S. castanops, Gould (P. Z. ,S. iv, 140; B. Aust. pi. 2S = Dacti;los!ru- cas- 

 tariops, Kaup, I. c), of Tasmania; S. tenebricosa, Gouhl (P. Z. S. 1845, 80; B. Aust. i, 

 pi. '.iO = JUegastrix teuebricosa, Kaup, O]). Cit. ICO), of Australia. The last three are 

 especially well marked, and have been placed, as above noted, in ditt'ereut subgenera. 

 A still more distinct form, though most nearly related to Strix proper, is the Phodilus 

 BADIUH of Southern Asia, Java, Sumatra, &c. Its synonymy is given below.* 



The American Baru Owl is an abundant bird on both sides of the 

 continent, south of a certain latitude. Unlike many of its relatives, 

 waraily clothed and of a hardy nature, withsttinding great cold, it tip- 

 pears of rather delicate and sensitive organization. In the Missouri 

 region it has only occurred, to my knowledge, in Kansas, wlieie it 

 breeds, though it is rarely found, according to Prof. Snow. 1 asuer- 



"Strix hadia. House., Zool. Res. 1821, pi. 37; Liun. Trans, xiii, 139; Isis, 1^"J5, 698, 



1055.— Te.mm., pi. Col. 318.— Less., -^Man. i, 114; Tr. Orn. 112.— Cuv., K. A. '.id 



ed. i, 342.— Sw. Class. B. ii, 216. 

 Atline badia, IIodgs.— Gray, Zool. Misc. 82. 

 Fhodilus badiun, Geoff., Ann. Sc. Nat. xxxi, 1830, 201.— Blyth, J. A. S. B. u. s. xix. 513. — 



Gray, Gen. of B. i, 1844, j)!. 15, fig. 1 ; List B. Biit. Mus. 110.— Bp., Consp. Av. 



i, 1850, 55.— Strickl., Orn. Syn. 1855, 183.— ICaup, Mon. strig. Cont. Om. 



18.52, 118. 



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