NYCTEA SCANDIACA, SNOWY OWL. 309 



1852, 12 ; Tr. Z. S. iv, 1859, 25(i.— Maxim., J. f. O. vi, 1858, 28.— Derss.. Ibis, 1865, 

 330 (Texas).— Hayd., Rep. 1862, 154.- -Allen, Muio. Bost. Soc. i, J 808, 499 (West- 

 ern Iowa) ; 506 (Illinois). — Coop., B. Cal. i, 1870, 431 (but never found in Cali- 

 fornia).— Allen, Bull. M. C. Z. ii, 1871,340 (Florida).— TRiPPE,Pr. Ess. Inst, 

 vi, 1871, 114 (Minnesota). — SNOvy^, B. Kans. 1873, 2 (Kansas, common). — CouEs, 

 Key, 1872, 204, fig. 137. 



VluJa iiebnlosa, Stepii., G. Z. xiii, pt- ", 60.— Cuv., R. A. 2d. ed. i,342.— Jajie.'^., ed. 

 WiLs. i, 107; iv, 280.— Less., Man. i, 113: Tr. 108.— Bp., List, 1838,7 ; Consp. 

 Ay. i, 1850, 53.— ScnL.,Mus. Fnys-Bas, Siiitjcs. 1802, p. 11. 



St)ix cHcliiciU, Gm., Svst. Nat. i, 1788, 296. 



(?) SU-ix acclamator, Bartk., Trav. in Fla. 1791, 289. 



Sirix vanus, Bart., Frag. N. H. Pa. 1799, 11. 



Strix fernandica, Shaw, Gen. Zool. vii, 1809, 263. 



b. sartorii. 



Syrnium nebulosum var. sartorii, RiDGW. — B. B. & R., N. A. B. iii, 1874, 29 (Mirador). 



c. fulvescens. 



Syrnium fulvescens,SATAr., P. Z. S. 1868, 58 (Guatemala). 



Syrnium nebulosum vox. fulvescens, Ridgw. — B. B. & R., N. A. B. iii, 1874, 29. 



Sal). — North America, east of the Rocky Mountains. Chiefly United States. Var. 

 sartorii in Mexico. Yar, fiilresceiis iu Central America. 

 Lieutenant Jfurren's Expedition. — No. 4607, Missouri River. 



This specimen of Dr. Hayden's remains, a.s it was wlien taken, the 

 westernmost on record for the species. The Barred Owl is one of the 

 few which does not appear to be equally distributed, having never yet 

 been observed west of the Eocky Mountains, where it is to some extent 

 replaced by the allied but perfectly distinct (S'. occidentale, discovered by 

 Mr. Xantus, at Port Tejon, California, and subsequently observed in 

 Arizona, by Lieutenant Bendire, United States Army. It appears to 

 be somewhat a southerly bird, very abundant in the woods of the South 

 Atlantic and Gulf States; but, although common in New England, is 

 rather sparingly represented in British America, the home of the Great 

 Gray Owl, ti. citwreum. It breeds in March, laying five or six white 

 subspherical eggs in the hollow or among the branches of a tree, some- 

 times taking possession of a deserted Hawk's or Crow's nest, sometimes 

 building for itself The eggs measure about 2 inches iu length by If in 

 breadth. Although Wilson states to the contrary, the sexes of this 

 bird are not appreciably different in size, nor otherwise distinguishable 

 by external characters. The average size appears to be 20 inches in 

 length, 47 in extent, the wing 13^-, the tail 9. 



The third and only other species of Si/i-itium of North America, S. 

 occidentale, will probably, in time, be found in the Missouri region. Its 

 synonymy is given below.* 



^ 



NYCTEA SCANDIACA, (Linn.) Newt. 

 Great White or Snowy Oivl. 



strix eapite awito, corpore alhido. Link., Fn. Suec. 1746, 16 ; ex JBuho scandianus, Rudeb., 

 Ic. ined. (fide Walden). 



Strix sca«(?i«co, LiXN., Syst. Nat. i. 1766, 132 (i'.il praiced.). — Malmg., J. f. 0. 1865, 396. 



Syctea scandiaca,'t^EWT., 4th ed. Yarr. Br. B. pt. iii, 1872. 187. — Dress., B. Eur. pt. — . 



Nyctca scandiaca Yar. arctica, Ridgw. — B. B. & R.,N. A. B. iii, 1874, 70. 



Striv. alba freti-hudsonis.Bniss., Orn. i, 1760, .")22. 



Strix nyciea, Linn., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, lii'i (ex Aluco albus diurnus,En\\., 61. — Briss., i, 

 522).— Brunn., Orn. Bor. 1764, 7.— Forst., Phil. Trans. Ixii, 1772, 38.').— G:m., 

 Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 201.— Fabr., Fu. Groeu. No. 16.— Lath., Ind. Orn. i, 1790, 



"Syrnium occidentale, Xantus, Pr. PhilaJ Acad. 1859, 193.— Be, B. N. A. 1860, pl. 66 

 (not in ed. of 1858).— CouES, Key, 1872, 204.— B. B. & E., N. A. B. iii, 1874, 38. 



Hah. — California (Fort Tejon, Xantus). Arizona {Bendire). 



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