450 CHAEADEIUS FULVUS VAR. VIRGINICUS. 



Charadrius plumalis, HoRSP., Linn. Tr. xiii, 1822. 187.— Pealb, U. S. Expl. Ex. 1848, 239. 



Charadriusxanthocheilua, Wagl., S. A. 1827.— Gould, B. A. vi, pi. IS.^Cass., Expl. Ex. 325. 



Pluvialis xanthocheilus, Bp., C. R. 1856, 417. 



Charadriws taitensis, Less., Man. ii, 1828, 321. 



Pluvialis taitensis, Bp., C. E. 1856, 417. 



Charadrius virginianus, Jaed. & Selb., 111. ii, pi. 85.^Haetl., Wieg. Arch. 1852, 134. 



Charadritis glaucopus, Foest., Descr. An. ed. Licht. 1844, 176. 



Charadrius tirginieus, Blyth, Cat. B. Mns. As. Soc. 1849, 262. 



Charadrius longipes, "Temm., Mns. Lugdun." 



PlumaUs Imgipes, Bp., C. E. 1856, 417. 



Charadrius auratus orientalis, Temji. & ScHL., Fn. Japon. pi. 62. 



Charadrius auratus, Scheenck, Eeise Amur, 1860, 410. 



b. virginicus. 



Charadrius dominicus.ilvT.L'ER, Syst. Nat. 1776, 116. — Cass., Pr. Phila. Acad. 1864, 241. 

 Charadrius pluvialis, WilS., Am. Orn. vii, 1813, 71, pi- 59, f. 5. — Sab., Suppl. Parry's Ist 



Voy. p. cxcJx; Frank. Joiirn. 683.— Bp., Syn. 1828, No. 220.— Sw. & EiCH., F. 



B. A. ii, 1831, 369.— NCTT., Man. ii, 1834, 16.— AuD., Orn. Biog. iii, 1835, 623; 



not of Linnwus, nor of European writers. 

 Charadrius pluvialis var. virginicus, EiDGW., Ann. Lyo. x, 1874, 383. 

 Charadrius virginicus, "Bobk., Mus. Berol." — Licht., Verzeicbniss, 1823. No. 729. — 



Meyen, Nova Acta K. C. L. Acad, xvi, Suppl. 1834, 106, pi. 18.— NE\yB., P. E. 



E. Eep. vi, 1857, 97.— Bd., B. N. A. 1S58, 690.— Coop. & Suck., N. H. Wash. 



Ter. 1860, 229.— Hayd., Eep. 1862, 173.— Dress., Ibis, 1866, 33 (Texas).— Dall 



& Bank., Tr. Chic. Acad, i, 1869, 289.— Eeinh., B. of Greenland, 9, No. 40 (c/. 



Comptes Rendus, xliii, p. 1019).— Stev., Eep. U. S. Geol. Snrv. Ter. 1670, 465, 



No. 96.— Sxow, B. Kans. 1873, 9, No. %07.— Telppe, Pr. Bost. Soc. xv, 1H72, 



240 ; and of nearly aU the late local lists.— (See H/vET., P. Z. S. 1871, 116 ; critical.) 

 Pluvialis virginicus, Bp., C. E. 1856, 417. 

 Charadrius marmoratus, Wagl., Sywt. Av. 1827, No. 42. — AuD., Orn. Biog. v, 1839, 575, 



pi. 300; Syn. 1839, 222; B. Am. v, 1842, i03, pi. 316.— Putn., Pr. Ess. Inst, i, 



1856, 216. 

 (?) Charadrius pectoralis, ViEiLL., Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxvii, 1819, 145. 

 Pluvialis fulmts ainericanns,SCBL,., M. P.-B. 1865, Cursores, 53. 

 Charadrius fahus var. virginicus, Coues, Key, 1872, 243, fig. 155. 



Extralimital quotations.— CxB., J. f 0. iv, 1H56, 432 (Cuba).— Newt., Ibis, i, 1869, 

 255 (Santa Cruz).— L.iWR., Ann. Lvc. N. Y. viii, 1864, 99 (Sombrero).— Sukd., OiV. Vet. 

 Ak. 16G9, .588 (St. Bartholomew).— Finsch, P. Z. S. 1870, 587 (Trinidad).-. ScL., Ibis, 

 1859, 227 (Guatemala).— BuRM., Eeise, 501 (La Plata).— Dakw.. Voy. Beagle, 126.— 

 SCL. & S-VLV., P. Z. S. 1666, 567(Ucayali); 1667, 331 (Chili); l.-;0'J, 596 (Peru).— Lawk., 

 Ann. Ltc. ix, 1868, 141 (Costa Eica).— Phii.ippi, Cat. 69 (Chili).— Pelz., Om. Bras. 297 

 (Brazil).— Eeinh., Vid. Med. Nat. For. 1670, 34 (Brazil). 



Sab. — Var. fulvus, Asia and Pacific regions generally. Prybilov Islands (Elliot). 

 Var. nr^jnieifs, all of North America. Greenland. Accidental in Europe. (Heligoland, 

 Mus. GiBtke,.^(?e Plasius, List B. Eur. 1862, 17.) 



Lieutenant ' Warren's Expedition. — 4551, 5425, at and near Saint Pierre ; 5426, Fort 

 Bcrthold ; 5427, " Nebraska." 



Later Expeditions. — 61100-2, Camp Dawes, on Eock Creek, Wyoming. 



Not obtained by Captain Eaynolds' Expedition. 



Presenting the extensive and somewhat intricate synonymy of the 

 typical /wJrifs,* I also give the principal references to the Xorth Ameri- 

 can variety. Our Golden • Plover is distinct from that of Europe, C. 

 apricarim ov pluvialis of authors, to both of which it has been referred ; 

 for, although very similar, it may always be distinguished by the color 



* I have at length the pleasure of announcing the true Ch. fulvus as an inhabitant 

 of North America, a specimen having been lately transmitted to the Smithsonian from 

 the Prybilov Islands, collected May 2, 1673, on Saint Paul Island, by Mr. H. AV. EUiot, 

 who has so ably elucidated the birds of that group of the Aleutians. Examining this 

 specimen, I was at once struck with a peculiarity of its general Appearance, and on 

 comparing it with Chinese, Japanese, Fiji Island, and other specimens in the National 

 Museum, I found it to be identical. It is smaller than var. virginicus — length, about 

 9.50 ; wing, 6.40 ; tail, 2.60 ; tarsus, 1.60 ; middle toe and claw, 1.10 ; culmen, 0.95. 

 There is a yellowish suffusion about the head, and especially along the supraciliaty 

 stripe, hardly to be noticed iu the ordinary North American bird in corresponding 

 plumage. (C/. Coues, Elliot's Prybilov Islands, App. 1873, p. — .) 



