STEGANOPUS WILSONI, WILSON'S PHALAEOPE. 467 



* 



STEGAXOPUS WILSOXI, (Sab.) Coues. 

 Wilson's Fbalarope. 



['!)T)inga gJacialis," Gm., Syst. Xat. i, 17^^, 6/5 (based on Plain Phalarojpe of Pexx., 



Arct. Zool. ii, 495, No. 415, and Lath., Syn. v, 173. 

 (?) Phalaropus gladalis. Lath., Ind. Orn. 1790, 776 (same basis). 

 (?) Amblyrhynckus gladalis, NciT., ilan. ii, lr<:i4, 247 (same basis). 



Phalaropus lohatus, Ord, ed. WiLS., Am. Orn. is, l&v!5, 7-2, pi. 7;!, fig. 3. (Not of Linnaus.) 

 Phalaropiis wihoni, Sab., App. Frank. Journ. 1-23, 691.— Sw. & Rich., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 



4115. pi. 69 (uortb to the Saskatchewan, latitude .54^).— XrxT., Man. ii, 1834. 



•24.5.— AUD., Orn. Biog. iii. 1835, 400, pi. 254.— Gray, Gen. of B. iii, pi. 158.— 



Be, B. X. A. 1858. 705.— "Wheat., Ohio Agric. liep. i860, Xo. 199— Ha yd.. Rep. 



1-62, 174 (Lower Missouri, abuudaut).— SCL., P. Z. S. 1864, 179 (city of ilexico, in 



breeding pluma^r).- Alles, Pr. Ess. Inst, iv, 18G4, 86 (Massachusetts).— 



DEES.S., Ibis, 1866, 35 (Texas).- .Salv., Ibis, 1866, 198 (Guatemala).— Al.i.icx. 



Bull. M. C. Z. iii, 1872, 182 (Great Salt Lake). — L.nvu., Ann. Lye. X. Y. viii, 



1,866, 295 (New York) — ScHL., Mus. Pays-Bus, Scolopaces. GO.— Stev., U. S. 



Geol. Surv. Ter. 1870, 466 (Wyoming).— Snow, B. Kans. lr:73, 10 (Kansas).- 



Pelz., Orn. 313 (Brazil). 

 Phalaropus (Eolopodius) wilsoni, Bi>., Syn. 1828, 342, No. 279 : A. 0. iv, 1832, 59. pis. 24, 25. 

 BolopocliHs uihoni, Bp., Comp. & Geog. List, 18:>.8, 54. — Less., Tr. Oru. 1831, 503. 

 Lohipes xcihoni, Add., Svn. 1839, 241 ; B. Am. v, 1842, 299, pi. 341.— Gib., B. L. L 1844, 



246.— PCTX., Pr.'Ess. Inst, i, 18.50, 217. 

 Phalaropus {Sieganopus) wih-oni, Gray, Hand-list, iii, 1871, 55, No. 10362. 

 Steganopus wilsoni, CocES, Ibis, Apr. 1865; Pr. Phila. Acad. 1866, 97 (Colorado River) ; 



Pr. Ess. Inst, v, 186-*, 292 (New England, rare or casual). — Allex, Mem. Bost. 



Soc. i, 1868, 501 (Western Iowa).— C.)tlES, Key, 1872, 248, fig. 161 (head). 

 Phalaropus frenatus,-ViEnjL., Gal. Ois. ii, 1:25, 178, pi. 271. 

 Phalaropus stejiodacti/lus, Wagl., Oken's Isis, 1831, 523. 

 Phalaropus fimbriatus, Tejdi., Planches Coloriees, v, pi. 270. 

 Lohipes incanus, Jaed. & Selby, HI. Orn. i, pi. 16. 

 Steganopus trieolor, Vieill. 

 Lohipes aniareticus, Le.ss.— (.See Feazee, P. Z. S. 1843, 118 ; ScL., iUcl. 1867,332. — Pelz., 



Novara Eeise, Aves, 132). — Philippi, Cat. 37. 



Hah. — United States and British Provinces, generally. North to the Saskatchewan. 

 Rare or casual in the Eastern United States. Common in the Mississippi Valley and 

 westward. Breeds in Western United States and in the interior of the fur countries 

 in the lower latitudes. Mexico, Central and South America, in winter. 



Lieutenant Warren's Expedition. — 4876-80, Omaha and Council Bluffs ; 5444-5, Medicine 

 Creek. 



Later Expeditions. — 60376, Camp Carling, Wyoming. 



Not procured by Captain Rayuolds' Expedition. 



Adult in breeding dress : Bill, legs, and feet, pure black ; crown of head, pale ash, 

 jjassing into white along a narrow strip on the nape. A n rrow, distinct, pure white 

 line over the eye. Sides of neck intense purplish-chestnut, or dark wine-red ; ante- 

 riorly deepening upon the auriculars into velvety black ; posteriorly continued, some- 

 what duller in tint, as a stripe along each side of the back to the tips of the scapulars. 

 Other upper parts pearly-ash, blanching on the rump and upper tail-coverts. Wings 

 pale, dull grayish-brown ; the coverts slightly white-tipped, the primaries dusky- 

 brown, their shafts brownish-white, except at tip. Tail marbled with pearly-gray 

 and white. All the under parts pure white, but the forepart and sides of the breast 

 washed with pale chestnnt-browu, as if with a weak solution of the rich color on the 

 Beck, and a faint tinge of the same along the sides of the body to the flanks. The 

 female is identical with the male in color. 



Specimens just fully fledged are in a plumage not generally known, and one of which 

 I have seen no adequate description : Bill, blackish, about 1.10 long ; legs, dull yeUow 

 {tarsus, 1.20 ; middle toe and claw, 1.05). Upper parts, including crown and upper 

 surface of wings, brownish-black, each feather edged with rusty-brown, very conspicu- 



* I do not agree with those authors who unhesitatingly refer the " Plain Phalarope " 

 of Pennant and Latham to P. fulicarius, as I am by no means satisfied it was not a 

 young Wilson's Phalarope. The diagnosis given corresponds quite as well to the latter 

 as to the former, and in one item, namely, " toes bordered with a plain or unscolloped 

 membrane," is applicable only to the latter. I therefore range Tringa or Phalaropus 

 slacialis here, with a query. It is also quite possible that some of the older synonyms 

 adduced under P. hypertoreus may really belong to P. wilsoni ; but they are so uncer- 

 tain, and different accounts are so involved, that it would probably not be now possible 

 to determine the point, even were it particularly desirable to do so. 



