560 



ANAS OBSCURA, DUSKY DUCK. 



Anas adunca, Lixx., Syst. Nat. i, 1766, 206.— 6m., Syst. Nat. i, 1783, 538.— Jex., Man. 



234.— Donovan, Br. Birds, is, pi. 218. 

 Anas domestica, Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1788, 538. 



Anas (Boschas) domestica, Sw. & Rich., F. B. A. ii, 1831, 442.— Nutt., Man. ii, 18^4, 378. 

 Anas curvirostra, Paix. (Gray.) 

 Anas freycineii, Bp. {Gray.) 



Anasfera, Beiss. — Leach, Cat. M. and B. Br. Mus. 1816, 39. 

 Anas archiboschas, subboschas, conboschas, Bkehm, V. D. 862, 864, 865. 



Among hybrids, proven or presumed, of the Mallard with other Dncks, are the fol- 

 lowing : 



Anas purpnreovmdis, SCHinz. (ICtiscovy ?) 

 Anas maxima, GosSE, B. Jam. 1847, 399. (Muscovy?) 

 Anas bicolor, Doxovax, Br. Birds, is, pi. 212. (Muscovy?) 

 Anas breweri. Aw., Otd. Biog. iv, 1838, 302, pi. 338 (("glociians"); Syn. 1839,277; B. 



Am. vi, 1843, 252, pi. 387. (Gadxoallt or Canvasbacl'^) 

 Anas ancluboni, Bp., List, 1838, 56 (" bimaculata"). (Same as ireweri.) 

 Fuligula jiio^a, Bell, Ann. Lye. N. Y. v, 1852, 219. (Muscovy 1) 

 Anas iopareia, Phil., Arch. Naturg. i, 1860, 25; P. Z. S. 1866, 531. (Muscovy.) 



JSab. — Nearly cosmopolitan, and nearly everywhere domesticated. Wild throughout 

 the whole of North America, breeding sparingly throughout the United States, as well- 

 as further north. Very rare and scarcely found in New England beyond Massachu- 

 setts, where apparentlv replaced bv the Dusky Duck. Greenland (Eelnh., Ibis, iii, 

 1861, 13). Cuba (Cab.'J. f. 0. v, 1857; 229). Bahamas (Bey., Pr. Bost. Soc. viii, 1859). 

 Panama (Lawe., Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii, 63). 



List of specimens. 



Deer Creek 



.... do 



Rosebud 



Apr. 13, 1860 

 Apr. 13, 1860 

 Sept. 15, 1860 



F.V.Hayden. 



..-.do..' 



G.H. Trook.. 



Lientenant Warren's Expedition. — No. 9691, Upper Missouri. 



Later Expeditions.— 59877 , Colorado; 60853-7, Sweetwater and North Platte; 61107-7, 

 Bass Creek and Green River ; 62464-5, North Fork, Idaho. 



Abundant throughout the Missouri region, in suitable situations, 

 especially during the migrations. Many breed in various places, and 

 during the fall movement Mallards are conspicuous among the hordes 

 of wild fowl that throng the waters of this part of the continent. 



AlifAS OBSOURA, Gmelin. 

 Dusky Duck; Black Duck. 



a. dbscura. 



Anas ohscura, Gm., Syst. Nat. i, 1783, 541.— Lath., Ind. Orn. ii, 1790, S71. — WlLS., Am. 

 Orn. viii, 1814, 141, pi. 72, f. 5; Ord's ed. viii, 155.— Vieill.,Nout. Diet, v, 1816, 

 131 ; Eno. Meth. i, 1823, 146.— Steph., Gen. Zool. xii, 1824, 104.— Bp., Obs. Wils. 

 182.=S, No. 260 ; Syu. 1828, 234 ; List, 1838, 56 ; C. R. 1856, 649.— Nurr., Man. ii, 

 1834, 392.— Gray, List B. Br. Mus. 1844, 135 ; Gen. of B. iii, 1849, 615.— AUD., 

 Orn. Biog. iv, 1838, 15, pi. 302; Syn. 1839, 276 ; B. Am. vi, 1843, 244, pi. 386.- 

 Eyt., Mon. Anat. 1838, 140.— GiK., B. L. I. 1844, 301.— DbKay, N. Y. Zool. ii, 

 1844, 344.— C.tB., J. f. 0. V, 1857, 229 (Cuba).— Bd., B. N. A. 1858, 775.— PuTX., 

 Pr. Ess. Inst, i, 1856, 219. — Verr., ibid, iii, 1862, 154 (Maine, breeding). — AixESf, 

 ibid, iv, 1864, 78 (Massachusetts, breeds). — McIlwe., ibid, v, 1866, 94 (Canada 

 West).— Codes, ibid, v, 1868, 298.— Wheat., Ohio Agric. Rep. 1860, No. 241.— 

 CotjES, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1861, 238 (Labrador, breeding).- CouES & Prext., 

 Smiths. Rep. 1861, 417 (winter).— Boakdm., Pr. Bost. Soc. ix, 1862, 129 (Maine, 

 resident).— Blak., Ibis, 1863, 146.— Schl., Mus. P.-B. viii, 1815, 41.— Lawe., 

 Al'u. Lye. N. Y. viii, 1866, 296.— Dress., Ibis, 1866, 42 (Texas).— CouES, Pr. 

 Bo-it. Soc. xii, 1868, 724 (South Carolina, winter). — Allex. Mem. Bost. Soc. i, 

 1868, 502 (Iowa, in summer).— Turxb., B. E. Pa. 1869, 35.— Mayn., Guide, 1870, 

 147 (Massachusetts, breeding) ; Pr. Bost. Soc. 1871. — Allen, Bull. M. C. Z. ii, 

 1871, 363 (Florida).— CoUES, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1871, 36 (North Carolina).— 

 CouES, Key, 1872, 285.— Snow, B. Kans. 1873, 11 (Kansas). 



