622 LAEUS LEUCOPTEHUS, WHITE-WINGED GULL. 



LAEUS LEUCOPTERUS, Faber. 



Whltc-wlngea Gull. 



Larus argmtatus, Sabine, Linn. Trans, xii, 181«, 546. Not of authors. 



LaruH art/entatue, var., 'j'kmm., Man. ii, 764. 



Larun leiicopUrun, ] ■aber, Prod. Isl. Orn. 1H22, 91.— Bp., Syn. lt!28, 301 ; List, 1838, 63.— 

 Sw. & ]£;oM., V. Ii. Am. ii, 1831, 418.— Nutt., Man. ii, 1834, ;i(ir,.— Auu., Orn. 

 Biog. iii, ]H:ir,, .%:;, [,], S82; Syn. 1839, 327 ; B. Am. vii, 1844, — , i>\. —.—Kvt., 

 Cat. Br. B. Vn:;r,, ,03.— Tumm., Man. iv, 1840, 467.— Nad.m., V. D. x, 1840, 367, pi. 

 as.— KiCYS. & BLAS.,Wirl). Eur. 1840, OO.— Macoil., Man. ii, 1842,247.— 8cm,., 

 R«v. Crit. Oi8. Eur. 1844, IS.').— Gray, Ocn. of 1(. iii, 1849, 654 ; List Br. Ii. 1863, 

 230.— MiDJ.., Sib. EeiHe, ii, 1853, 242.— Lawk., B. N. A. 1858,843; Ann. Lye. N. 

 Y. viii, l«0(i, 299.— CouKS, Pr. Pliila. Acad. 1862, 294 ; Pr. Ehh. lunt. v, 1868, 

 306; Key, 1872, ;U1.— RiDGW., Ann. Lye. N. Y. x, 1874, 39:! (Ohio, Wheaton.).— 

 Vkj'.i;., Pr. Ess. Inst, iii, 1862, 160.— Allkn, ibid, iv, 1864, 90.— Uall &, Bann., 

 Tr. Chic. Acad. 1869, 304.— Sciil.., Mus. I'.-B. ix, 186:5, Lari, 5.— Blab., J. f. 0. 

 1865, :}82. 



Plautua UncopteruH, Reicji. 



Glaucus hucopta-iiH, Bim.oii, J. f. O. 18.53, 101.— Bp., Conap. ii, 1856, 217. 



Laroiden li-ucopln-ux, ii);i;(jii, J. f. O. 1*55, 281.— BuBHM, V. D. 18;il, 745. 



Larus arctiem, Macgil., Mom. Wern. Soo. v, 268. 



Larus gUiumides, " TuM.w .'' — Boii:, Isis, 1822, 562. — Tem.m., Man. iv, 1840, 469. 



Laroiden glaucoides, I'.fti.iiM, V. D. 744. 



iMnu ieicmdicm, Eomonht., Mem. Wern. Soc. iv, 1823, 503; not of JOjj.monst., 1822. — 

 Fi.KM., Br. An. 1828, 139.— J ion., Man. 18:i5, 279. 



laroides minor, Bi'.eiim, V. D. 1831, 736, pl. ;37, f. 2. 



Laroidea eubleucfjiiltrm, Bkehm, V. V. 746. 



DiAG. L. glauco omnino eimilis, sed minor. Long, iipedalis ; roetr. 2.00 poll., tan. 2. 25. 

 Bioft.^With the preceding. 



Adult in mmmer.— BiW rather small, the symphyseal eminence very lar(;ely devel- 

 oped; the depth at the angle but little more than at the nostrils. l''iiHt primary 

 longest. Titisus not longer than the middle toe and claw. Bill fjiei nish-yellow, 

 chrome along tlje toiiiia and toward the extidnity ; the tip diaphanous ; the vermilion 

 spot on the lower mandible rather small. Mantle and wings light jjearl-blue, this color 

 toward the tips of the primaries, secondarieh, and tcrtials fading insensibly into wliite. 

 Bases of the primaries the same color as the body of the feather; without woU-delincd, 

 rounded white iipices, their rJiachides straw-yellow. Legs and feet flesh-colored. 



Adult in winter. — As in summer, but the head and neck narrowly streaked with 

 dusky-giay. 



Young. — " Pale, dusky cinereous, with a few slightly darker spots ; the primaries 

 somewjiat darker at their tips." — [-Bp.] 



Dlmemume. — Length, 24 inches ; wiug, 16.75 ; hill along culmerj, 1.80 ; along rictus, 

 2.ri0 ; depth at angle, 0.65 ; tarsus, 2.25 ; middle toe and elaw the same. 



This species is a peilect counterpart of L. f/l.uiicnh : hut, although (|uite identical in 

 colors, may be readily distinguished by its greatly iijfenor size. Beside this lijere, are 

 some diilerences of proportion. The specimens before me have disproportionally weaker 

 bills than has the adult glaucus; the tarsus is not longer than the middle toe a ml claw, 

 and the first primary is decidedly longe.<»t. The rather larger size, darker i)rimaries, 

 and their their veU.-defi.ned, round, apical spots re-adily diHtirjguish the glaiiaMirnn, 



There is a remarkable discrepancy in the statements of authors corjcerning the di- 

 mensions of this sjiecie-s. Thus, Bonaparte gives 20 inches, while Richardson says 26! 

 The specimens before me average about 24 inches, as above given. 



The discnss'on of the synonyms " argcntatus, Sabine," and " arctictii, Macgill." is jire- 

 sented under tbo head of L. hutchinsii. Maogillivray's name is certainly a synonym of 

 leucoptiriiH, Fuber, an he himself subsequently admits; nolwitbhtanding which, Bona- 

 parte, in his Conspectus, a^loiits it for what I call hutcfiimtii., upon what grounds docs 

 not ajipear. Temminck at first considered this specie.-i as a varii:ty of the comnjon 

 Herring Gull (A. argcntatus). He subsequently, however, became convinceil of his 

 error, and nanje,d it L. glaricoides — an ai»propriate title, but iintedated. In I'fy:' Kd- 

 monston (op. cil ) applies the name islandicm to this species, only a jear aftc:r he bad so 

 named the L. glaucus. 



LAEU.S GLAUGESCE:N-S, Licht. 

 Glaacons-winged Gall. 



Larus glauce«cens,'Llcm.—TuAyrR., B. X. A. 1858, 842.— CoiKs, Pr. Phila. Acad, 1862, 

 29.5; Key, 1872, 311.— Coop. & Suck,, X. 11. Wash. Ter. 1860, 270.— Eu.iot, B. 



