(O- rOPIOErS COEMl'Tl'S. nOENED GEEBE. 



Cohiinhn^ ol'sainm. (\-s\., Syst, Nat, i, 17?^^, ,'.ll,\ 



]'o,iii-c^>s orisTiirii.f, l.Aiii.,'liul. l)rn. ii, UMO, <S.'.— l.v. veil, 0:-.t. l>*lti. X'. 



i'tthimbun iin'iticHf, 8. G. (iM., Ki'iso, iv. V.u. — l!>i., 8ysl. Nat. i, IT?."^, ."Ai. 



I'otUvtpf^ Ciis/iitiis. Li.vni.. liui. (>rii. ii. \~W. TSI, 



Cohimhit^ iiiiiricans. Sooi'OU, Ami. i. No. 101 (?). 



7/ii/'. — North Amorion. Euixip". Asia, 



/.i.s'f or'.viKrimcii.'.'. 



li);!J!l I....' ' ; F. V. llayiloii 



JiJiilt, hnrdiri) |)fiimiii;c.— Bill blarl;, tipivil with yellow. A hrownish-yi-Uow .siiiiio 

 ovoi- oyo. witU'iiiiig liohiiul ami (U'l'iiouius iu color at tlio omls of tlio Iomk orc'sts. .lud 

 lieiuyt dark ihostmit between eyi> aiul bill. C'rowii, ehiii. and the ver\ full vutf j;lossy 

 iTi-eeiiish-blaek. Tiiper parts browiii.^ih-blaek. \\ ith paler edf;es of the fe.itlii-rs. I'ri- 

 iuariis rather lislit elioeolate-brown, with blaek shafls. exeept at the base. Seeoiul- 

 aries white. Neck all romul. except siripe down behind and sides of the body, rieh 

 dark luownisb-ieil or jjiirplisli w ine-red, mixed ^\■itU dnsky on the llank.-i. I'nder parts 

 pnri' silky-white. 



11 inter pluiiiaiit, oik? iioiiiiii.— liill diiskx , mueh of the under mandible bluish or \ el- 

 lowish-white. Indications of ercsis and rnff in the length and uilliiess of the fealhers 

 of the parts. Crown and neck behind, and sidi's of the lioily, sooty-blackish. ()iher 

 npiHT paits and the wings as in the adnlf. Chin, throat, and sides of liea<l, pure white, 

 tills color nearly cncirclini; the nape. Neck in IVoiit and lower belly lij;litl\ washed 

 w ith ashy-ijray. ITndev parts as before. 



yfirlii-iUdiial I/"'"'.'/ '"'c ciuionsly striped on the head willi rnfoiis, dusky ivnd while, 

 as ill rodiljimhnx and elsew here. 



jyniuiisioiis. — Length, aluinl \\ inches; extent. '-' I; wing, ri.7.">; tarsus, 1. To ; middle 

 toe and claw, '.MO; bill along cnlnien, about H.'.HI ; alonjj gape, l.IiO; its lieight at the 

 nostrils, |).:U1; its width there, d.'Jo. 



The bill in this species is coni]ire.sscd, (aiiering. with considerably curved eiihneu — 

 <|uite ditterent iVoni the broad deiues.sed LiiU with slraight li|iaml nuieh ascending 

 goiiys of r. (Utfitus. It varies miu'h in si/e. eviMi auiong equally adnll examples; iu 

 the young it is always smaller and weaker than in the old. Black, yellow-tipped in 

 the old, we hud it variously lightt>r iu the young — usuall,\ dusky on the ridgi', id.se- 

 w here tinged with olivaci'ons, yt^llow isli, or e\tMi orange or t^xttMisividy binish-w lii1(\ 

 Iu breeding plumage this bird is cons|iicnoiisly dilVerent Irom any other; but llu',\onng 

 are much lik(> those of 7'. (iiinViis, veipiiring.somelimcs care fill discri mi nation, as pointc<l 

 out under head of the latter. 



This sptH'ios is iiinclt more abniiil;iii( ;iiul fjoiu'iallv disjiorscd in wiiilcr 

 in tlie ITiiitoil States than either of the two lai ocr ones, and it also nests 

 within our limits. I found it breedinif at vaiions points in Ndill^iern 

 DalvOt:i, as along the K'ed IJiver, in the prairie slouo'hs, with Cools, 

 I'halaropes, and Viirions Diu'ks, and in pools ;iboiil th(> base of 'I'nrtle 

 Monnhiiii in eomiiany w ith I'. cali/oniicKs and the Dabehielw 1 tool; 

 liesli ec;os on the L'Otli of Juno, at l\>nil>iii:i. lindino- them se;itteretl on 

 a soakino bed of (leea\ed reeds, ;is thex li;i(l doubtless been disturbed 

 by the Imsty movements of the partnits in tiuittino' the nest ; theix> wero 

 Oidy lour; i)robidily more would have been laid. They are ellii>tieul 

 in .shape, with little or no ditl'erenee in eontonr at eidier (>nil ; dtdl 

 whitish, with ii very faint sli:ide, (piite smooth, and nu^asnre aboni 1.70 

 by 1.20. On Turtle Mountain, late in -Inly, 1 procured iie\vly-l:atciied 

 youiij;', swimming with their iiarenis in the \arious pools. At (hiscaily 

 stage the neek is striped as in the eomnion l):ilieliiek. filler in thi< 

 season, during the migration, the Horned Ciicbes wme numerous all 

 along the Souris or ]\lous(^ b'iver, in ('oinp;iiiy with an etinid or ommi 

 greater nniidier of I'jared (Irelies, nearly all ot both species being tlit* 

 yonng-ol-the-ye;ir. Jn their immature jilnmagt^ tiit^ two I'aniiol. be dis- 

 tinguished on the water, iind indeed siiecimens sometimes occur w liich 

 are with ditlieulty di.scrinunaled at this early age. lint the sniiilier si/,e, 

 somewhat dillercnl proiiortions of tarsus and toes, ;iinl tin* natliT, cttiu- 

 [lartitively broader bill t)l' I'. anriUiK, is genei';illy cliaracteristie. 



