166 BOVINE OBSTETRICS 



Procedure. — The cow is elevated behind, or if convenient 

 the ground may be removed in front of her, so that the floor 

 is lower in front than behind. "While following with the hand 

 along the folds an attempt is made to get into the uterus, 

 envelopes are ruptured and the hand is rested against the neck 

 or shoulder of the calf. "While pushing the calf in a direction 

 opposite to which torsion took place, the abnormal position 

 may be removed. For this purpose the calf should be pushed 

 as much as possible against the opposite wall of the uterus. 

 Eetroversion by means of the hand and arm from the vagina 

 and uterus in the cow is a method which has been tested by 

 many veterinarians, and can be recommended on account of its 

 good results (Kniisel, Felder, Ehrhardt, Biihler, Holder). At 

 the same time it calls for considerable force and some practice. 

 In torsions of 90 degrees to 180 degrees this method is prefer- 

 able to others. 



The reposition by means of the hand from the vagina may, 

 when necessary, be combined with rotation of the mother. 

 Many variations may be tried, but it must always be observed 

 that the hind parts are raised, as it assists greatly in detorsion. 

 The favorable results of retroversion in the standing posture 

 with elevation of the posterior extremities must be mainly 

 attributed to this circumstance. 



Goring described a very advantageous procedure, but only 

 applicable to those torsions where the hand can be introduced 

 into the uterus. He places the mother into a dorsal position. 

 While he tries to enter the uterus by following the spirals the 

 animal is rolled to the right and left in order to detect in which 

 direction the hand progresses best. That position giving best 

 results is finally retained. After the foetal membranes are 

 ruptured, the foetal water evacuated, he draws one or both legs 

 into the vagina. These are secured with loops and returned 

 into the uterus. Now the head is brought into the genital 

 canal, the lower jaw is looped or fixed by hooking an eye. Two 

 men now draw the head gently into the spirals, leaving it here 

 five to six minutes. He next brings the previously looped legs 

 into the vagina, first one and then the other. After head and 



