236 BOVINE OBSTETKICS 



roomy. This presentation often succeeds the last named one, 

 when the owner has exerted severe traction on one fore limb 

 or head. 



Diagnosis. — The fore leg lying in a normal position has 

 been drawn as far as the vulva or into it. The head rests in 

 the pelvic canal. The other leg, doubled up, is felt on the 

 side of the pelvic passage ; the radius is directed backward 

 while the metacarpal bone rests upon the floor of the pelvis. 

 The leg is wedged tightly, so that it is often difficult, at times 

 impossible, to reach the claw of the flexed leg. 



Prognosis. — On the whole, it is favorable, but there is 

 danger of injuring the floor of the vagina. 



Treatment. — The calf must he repelled. Should the foetal 

 waters have been entirely evacuiited, infusions of warm water 

 may be employed. Following retropulsion, reposition may be 

 attempted. Occasionally the carpus has advanced so far, that 

 it is closer to the pelvic outlet than inlet. It does not occur 

 with laterally constricted, respectively juvenile, pelvis. Here 

 retropulsion is more risky, on account of rupturing the roof of 

 the vagina, than extraction. In such a case a thin loop is 

 ]ilaced around the inferior extremity of the radius, and the calf 

 is extracted iu the direction of the sacrum. Severe traction 

 must not be exerted, and only two men are allowed to pull. 



Should the foetus be dead, the chain saw is placed around 

 the knee and the joint cut through. The lower portion of the 

 leg is then removed with the hand. A thin rope is next placed 

 around tlie lower extremity of the radius, and traction prac- 

 ticed. The sawed part is covered by the hand during extraction 

 to protect the vaginal wall against injury. In case no chain 

 saw is hiindy, a thin, tough iron wire will replace it, used 

 exactly as the saw to cut the skin and joint. 



The fore leg hent hack under the body, the shoulder against the 



symphysis. 

 (Unilateral shoulder presentation. Harms.) 



Causes. — This abnormal position arises when the head 

 enters the pelvic inlet before rotation of the calf takes place. 



