134 Evarorateép M1z,K—SkaLiInc 
at the proper temperature at the time of filling. Experience has 
shown that warm milk, or milk with a temperature above about 
60 degrees T°. causes more trouble in this respect than cold 
milk. 
With the rapid and general adoption and use among con- 
denseries cf a cold storage system, the evaporated milk usually 
has a temperature between 40 and 50 degrees F., when it reaches 
the filler, and at these temperatures the tendency to foam is 
reduced to such an extent that the filling can be done without 
interference or interruption due to foam. 
In order to economize beth space and time, it has been 
found advisable to connect the pipe feeding the filler direct with 
the holding tank. The extent of elevation of the holding tank 
over the filler obviously controls the gravity pressure under 
which the evaporated milk enters the filling machine. If the 
holding. tank is located at a high elevation, therefore, the speed 
of filling can be materially increased. 
SEALING. 
The filled cans should be capped and sealed at once. The 
seal must be hermetical and strong enough to withstand the 
strain of the subsequent sterilizing process. With the exception 
of the “Sanitary can,” seals without solder have so far proven 
unsatisfactory in the canning of evaporated milk. They are 
prone to weaken in the sterilizer and cause “leakers.”” Most of, 
the cans on the market containing evaporated milk are, therefore. 
sealed with solder. Sealing evaporated milk cans with solder 
is by far the safest method. For details ef methods of sealing 
see Chapter VII. 
For the sealing or tipping of the venthele cans an automatic 
tipper is usually attached to the flling machine, so that when 
the cans leave the filling machine, they have also been sealed. 
It is exceedingly important that the sealing be done per- 
fectly, because even minute leaks cause the evaporated milk in 
the cans to become contaminated causing spoilage. In order to 
detect cans with imperfect seals all the cans, as they come from 
the filling and sealing machine, are carefully inspected for leaks. 
This. may be done by the use of a test bath consisting of a narrow 
