Cost o—f MANUFACTURE 217 
evaporated milk), had lest its antiscorbutic properties when 
used in quantities equivalent to an amount of raw milk which 
would prevent scurvy in guinea pigs on a diet of rolled oats 
and dried hay. 
Hart’s results agree with those of many other investiga- 
tors in the fact that the exposure of milk to sterilizing tempera- 
ture, deprives the product of its antiscorbutic properties. On 
the basis of these facts evaporated milk cannot be recommended 
as an exclusive milk diet for babies and children. If evapo- 
rated milk must be used for infant feeding, some antiscorbutic 
supplementary food, such as orange juice, should be fed in con- 
junction with the exclusive use of evaporated milk or similar 
heated milk product. 
To what extent the antiscorbutic properties of milk are 
preserved or destroved in the manufacture of sweetened con- 
densed milk, has not as yet been experimentally demonstrated. 
This product is not exposed to sterilizing temperatures and vet 
it is heated at least to the boiling point. The safer course to 
follow here, too, 1f sweetened condensed milk must take the 
place of normal raw or pasteurized milk, is to feed it in con- 
junction with a known antiscorbutic supplementary food, such 
as orange juice. 
Cuarrer NXT. 
COST OF MANUFACTURE. 
General Discussion..—The cost of manufacture varies, in a 
general way, with the organization and size of the factory, 
capacity of machinery and the amount of the output. These 
variations are further modified by the cost of available labor, 
the price of milk, cane sugar, tin cans, box shooks, coal and 
other supplies, ete. 
In a properly organized plant the cost of manufacture per 
case of finished product decreases with the increase of the out- 
put, provided that the capacity of the machinery is sufficient to 
take care of such increase. When the plant is forced beyond 
its capacity, the factory operates at a disadvantage, and the 
extra labor and possible waste and losses tend to increase the 
cost per case. When the output drops below 100 to 150 cases 
