this name. Her field was not in the 

 show yard. There are other Duchesses 

 that have acquired much more personal 

 fame, notably Duchess 34th, Duchess 

 38th, and Duchess 43d. There was a 

 long line of sixty-four Duchess females 

 between 1808 and 1849, when the chap- 

 ter closed with Mr. Bates' death. They 

 were the result of intense in-and-in 

 breeding-, and became notorious for being 

 unprolific so long as untouched by other 

 blood. Unquestionably they had merit, 

 while some of the bulls of this family 

 and notably Duke of Northumberland 

 (1940) met with the high approval of the 

 critics. 



Duchess 1st produced down to 1819 

 four females, viz.. Duchess 2d, 3d, 4th 

 and 5th, and one male, Cleveland (146) 

 Mr. Bates at one time desired to breed 

 Duchess 1st to Robert Colling's "White 

 Bull" (151) and offered him a service fee 

 of $500, which was refused. This bul' 

 was of the Princess family, while all of 

 the five offspring of Duchess 1st were 

 strongly in-and-in bred Duchesses. 



Duchess 1st pased the way of all flesh, 

 but she is destined to live long in his- 

 tory as an important factor in the devel- 

 opment of the nineteenth century Short- 

 horn as exemplified by Thomas Bates. 



—11— 



