xlvi 



on moist ground to rock surface or metallecl road are to be avoided. 



The thickness of tlie liorn of the sole is in relation to the amount of 



exercise and it will be found that the feet of elephants which 



have been little exercised and are not in proper condition, have 



loss resisting power than those regularly worked in moderation. 



The mahouts as a precaution against overwear of the feet resort 



to a process called "Chobing," applying a hot mixture resembling 



coal tar (one ingredient of which is generally the gum resin of the 



Sfil tree) to the sole. The applications used for this purpose vary 



somewhat. That referred to by Forsyth is preserved as a secret 



Eecipe by the mahout ; it requires to be applied twice annually to 



an elephant working regularly on hard ground, the price of the 



operationbeingEs. 2J. Gilchrist gives two iZeapes/oi* Chobing — 



each contains fourteen ingredients which are either astrigent or 



adhesive or vehicles. 



I II 



1 Aloes ...2 lbs. Aloes 4S 



2Catechu.llb. Catechu 4| 



3 Tender Ink 



nuts 45=Teiider Ink nuts 



'_ 4_Sesquioxide of =Sesquioxide of") 



l^^*^- 2 tolii^^-i Neutral can be 

 f omitted. 



Equals practically 

 Cdtechu 3 lbs. 



Astringent ; 

 equals practi- 

 cally Catechu, 

 125. 



lead 85 



5 Country goose- 

 berries 85- 



=Country goose- 1 

 berries 83] 



Vehicles.. 



6 Wax ... 2 lbs;^Wa:i 2 lbs.-» y^j^i^ieg, 



7 Jingili oil 6 „ ; Jingili oil...4 „ ) 



Tolahs. 



8 Suet ... 2 lbs.— White arsenic 1^ "J Unimportant 



'-~ an too 



amounts 

 much 



9 Jageery. 6 „ — Croton seeds. ..4 



ilOLahk ... H„ — Alum 6 «. , 



^11 Black gram.45— Litharge 2 J value? ° 



I being 

 > small 



tl2 Common salt 

 1 lb. Columbo 85 [Equals practi- 

 13 Areca..„..l „ Galls 85 f cally Galls, lib. 

 14 Marking nut 5 lbs. Ink nuts... 45 



By thiis analysing and examining Gilchrist's recipes we obtain 

 the following :— 



