1 



written " the elephant hath joints but none for courtesy." The 

 feats of our ordinary circuses disprove this assertion, still there 

 are anatomical explanations of this ability to retain the standing 

 position for a long time. It is said that in a state of nature the 

 tusks are used as a means to support by being placed against a 

 tree ; and one imprisoned elephant " employed his tusks in making 

 two cavities in the two faces of a stone buttress which projected 

 from the wall of his cell, and these cavities served him for a sup- 

 port when he slept, his tusks being fixed in them"; so runs the 

 account. But we know very well that the structures of the limba 

 of the elephant, like those of the horse, are so arranged as to enable 

 the animal to sleep standing. Tennent relates a case where an 

 elephant shot dead by a single bullet remained standing. The 

 elephant, like the camel, is very chicken-hearted when sick, and 

 will not attempt to rise, but if made to do so he will remain 

 standing. When a sick elephant lies down it is a very bad sign. 

 When marching it is well to be on the road at the hour preceding 

 dawn because often it is then very cold, an influence to which 

 elephants are extremely susceptible. When thoroughly chilled 

 by cold weather or by use in a cold climate the animal loses its 

 vigour and the circulation is retaded rand difiBcult to restore ; ho 

 struggles, shivers, falls, and grows weaker until he dies ; unless 

 aroused by the timely administration of cordials, such as ardent 

 spirits in doses of 1 pint to 1^ pints made up into mnssaula with 

 large quantities of spices formed into chapatties, some of which 

 should be always carried on the march in a cold country. 



The subject of Elephant Geae and Appoikiments is one which 

 requires much and careful attention. The most approved pat- 

 terns of equipment are by no means generally adopted, galls and 

 chafes are the most frequent source of incapacity on service^ 

 The complicated riding equipment of the Mogul emperors con- 

 sisted principally of mik-dembers described as small houses or 

 square wooden towers gilt and painted, or Hauzes, oval chairs, 

 with a canopy of pillars, superbly decorated with colours and 

 gold. Now for riding purposes we use either a sort of g^g body 

 with hood, a Howdah (Shootur Khana), or a Charjameh. The 

 form of Shootur Khana generally used somewhat resembles an 

 " Inside" Irish Car. The Sportsman ■willfind a good description 

 of Howdah and equipment in the " PieW " for 29th April 1882. 



