lui 



describes tlie present gear and i(s defects^ of whict the principal 

 are injury to the back from pressure of the posterior cross pad of 

 the guddee, which under superincumbent weight becomes almost 

 as hard as wood — also the fact that " in going down hill the gear 

 moves forwardj because, the girth, breast rope, and crupper being 

 in one, a pull at any point takes up the slack elsewhere, the hind 

 cross pad then mounts tho spine and causes pressure." A saddle 

 tree is objectionable on several grounds — the improved equipment 

 is characterized by freeing the spine from pressure and heating, 

 by cutting away the guddela and guddee along it, unstufiBng 

 the rear cross pad, and covering the opening along the spine by 

 a fender or load guard. The forward cross pad is retained over 

 the withers with a view to giving a maximum extent of bearing 

 surface. The longitudinal opening in the guddela and guddee 

 are prevented from gaping by cross bands. The saddle or load 

 guard consists of 3 arches of T ii'on united by four longitudinal 

 bars, hoUow but with short solid cores and nuts at their ends. 

 The upper bars carry two revolving bobbins for the girth. Four 

 rings at the coi-ners receive the breast and crupper ropes. The 

 lower two bars are each to be wrapped with rope to increase the 

 bearing on the pad and a netting of rope should be stretched 

 between the top bars. The girth is so arranged as to be re-ad- 

 justable on the march and capable of prompt division if a laden 

 animal gets into difficulties. The neck rope and crupper are quite 

 independent and come-at-able. The crupper is covered with a bent 

 piece of galvanized pipe. 



Part II, gives instructions for using Sanderson's baggage gear. 

 The disadvantages of extra weight and increased cost are more 

 than covered by the advantages. Its inventor claims for this 

 saddle that it is beneficial because no saddle cloth is required 

 and the spine remains unpressed upon for its whole length, the 

 load resting upon the upper part of the ribs. It is much less 

 cumbersome thap the old arrangement and less liable to be 

 enormously increased in weight by absorbing moisture in wet 

 weather. Also the girths, crupper, and breast strap can be tighten, 

 ed without removal of the load — the latter is more stable and less. 

 Hable to displacement. Nor is exact equiposition of the load neces- 

 sary as on the old pad, thus the improved saddle is much better, 

 especially in hilly countries. Foot boards can be attached so as 



