elephant has but little disoasc-resisting power, as compared with 

 the horse for instancOj but cases of disease in him are not ti-eate4 

 early, they are left to run their course until matters are desperate, 

 audthen, only too often, treated with drastic and debilitating agents 

 whore tho system esijecially requires support. We speak, too, 

 of want of disease-resisting power of the camel and the sheep, 

 because we know very little, comparatively, about their diseases. 

 Once sjck, an elephant is, of all animals, the most difiicult 

 to cure, and, I may say, is the least understood of any in 

 the domesticated state. Tho diseases they are liable to, however, 

 mainly follow on loss of condition, and it is most unusual to find an 

 elephant ailing when in proper form." — (Hood). 



" The general signs of an elephant being ill aro langour, want 

 of appetite, and want of sleep, The eyes become watery and 

 contracted, the colour of the mucous membrane or lining of the 

 mouth and tongue loses its rich pink tint, and becomes either 

 whitish or very red with black on the palate, The light spots on 

 the head and trunk lose their healthy appearance. The pulsation 

 is in many instances 90 or 100 in a minute ; the animal bocomea 

 very thin, and the skin gets a greyish, dirty appearance." ()Slym), 

 A dilated pupil, ochre colour of the white parts of the skin, 

 excessive brightness and clearness of the oyo, absence «f that 

 incessant motion of tail, trunk, ears, or feet which is seen in tho 

 healthy elephant, are signs of something wn-ong, and when an 

 elephant is in perfect health, if patt«d smartly with the hand, tho 

 hairs penetrate one's fingers and make the flesh tingle. (Hood), 

 With regard to causes of disease, the elephant when properly 

 managed very seldom suffers from disorder; Hia dorangementa 

 and injuries are the result of want of care through laziness or In- 

 difference, of wilful injury or mismanagement, or of culpablo 

 ignorance of tho means of preserving health, We shall show 

 that he is not exempt from epizootic and communicable disorders^ 

 most of which can be conveyed or transmitted to him by otheJ 

 Transport animals such as bullocks and camels. We shall show that 

 much remains to bo determined oonoei'ning the exact nature and 

 communicability of these disorders, some of which, by imped- 

 ing transport operations in Afghanistan, yet proved of value as 

 affording qualified Veterinary Surgeons opportunities of observa- 

 tion, of which they made good use. Tho bulk of tho aninxal 



