50 



is less fatal, it, liowever, is very liable to recur " at tolerably 

 regularly rotuming intervals, usually about every fourth montb j 

 during tbe intervals, it (the patient) usually exhibits an excited 

 demeanour; and, if opposed or disturbed by attendants will 

 attempt to strike them with the trunk" (Gilchrist). 



Tetanus or Lock Jaw. — The only case of this disorder which 

 has come under my notice directly or indirectly was under the 

 care of V. S. Mann, A. V. D. It resulted from exposure to cold 

 and wet. The animal lived for some time, being supported by 

 nutritive enemata, but at length succumbed. Gilchrist tells us 

 that the mahouts treat by means of balls given 'per anum and the 

 dose mentioned by him seems judicious. This remark however, 

 docs not extend to their treatment by pouring quicksilver into 

 the external oar and plugging it in with opium, nor can we agree 

 with Gilchrist that the opium so administered " most probably 

 has considerable curative effect." Altogether the few accounts 

 to hand of Tetanus in the Elephant seem to show that the disease is 

 not frequent and generally neither acute nor very obstinate. 



Paralysis OF the hind extremities. Paraplegia; we have no 

 evidence that this has been observed in the Elephant as a disease 

 per se, but occasionally it is seen as one of the forms of Anthrax. 

 Of course injuries to the spine may give rise to it as well in the 

 Elephant as in other animals. Symptoms "For several days 

 previously to the setting in of the palsy the animal has an 

 irritable, sometimes a wild demeanour, when it may attempt to 

 strike the attendants ; has no sleep at night, and leaves off taking 

 fodder and water. Bowels regular, but urine is high coloured, 

 scanty, and sometimes passed in drops. The surf ace of the body 

 is cold from the commencement of the affection, and about eight 

 days thereafter palsy of the hinder extremities gradually super- 

 venes. During attempts to walk, the legs are as it were dragged ; 

 at length palsy supervenes and the animal is unable any longer 

 to stand ; feeling and power of limbs ai-e completely lost" 

 (Gilchrist). Treaimejif : Stimulating medicines, external stimu- 

 lants to the loins, and tonics. Generally fatal results follow. 



"Broken Heart" is the name given by Sir E. Tennent to 

 sudden death which occurs when the animal is being captured or 

 put into training. Tennent himself describes a case and Capt. 

 Yule in his "Narrative of an Embassy to Ava in 1855" mentions 



