68 



the capturing establishment would offer more chances of success 

 and Ictis difficulty in operating thau making the attempt on old 

 males when suffering from must. It is evident that so long as 

 females suffice for government purposes this routine castration 

 would not he economical, even if practicable, for the operation is 

 severe and liable to be attended with fatal results. 



The Temporal Gland or Kuppool is like a salivary gland in ap- 

 pearance. It is flattened between the skin and the temporal muscle 

 and communicates with the surface by a short duct from its lower 

 part. It is found in the female as well as the male. Its secretion 

 is oily and odorous. It is an accessory reproductive organ analo- 

 gous to the Larmiers or Tearpits of the Deer. 



Lijlamination of this Oland has been described as occasionally 

 resulting from its excessive activity during ]\f usthee, the discharge 

 containing pus, and the temple being swollen and painful. It 

 must be treated by fomenting free!/, and the disorder wiU subside 

 with the sexual excitement which caused it. Occasionally, on care- 

 ful examination, a piece of wood may be found in the Ched hole or 

 Kuppool duct, probably a thorn broken off short in the passage. 



Section II. — In the Female. — The female generative organs are 

 in some respects very remarkable. The womb is almost wholly 

 divided into two horns and there is in the unimpregnated female 

 a well marked Hyraen. The vulva is very long and so curved or- 

 dinarily that its loose external opening hangs down very like and 

 in the position occupied in the male by the penis — it forms a re- 

 gular prepuce to the clitoris which in the young specimen examin- 

 ed by me was very like a small penis and measured over a foot in 

 length. The extraordinary position of the generative opening has 

 led to a wide spread doubt as to whether the act op copulation 

 is performed by the elephant in the position ordinary to quadru- 

 peds. On medals and other native works of art the animals are 

 represented .<!«fc coj'ii/, the female literally standing on her head. 

 Male domesticated elephants " toy*' with females endeavouring to 

 mount them in[the usual way and the parts of the female are so ar- 

 ranged as to alter their position in consequence of erection of the 

 clitoris under sexual excitement under which circumstances the 

 external opening assumes somewhat the position ordinary to qua- 

 drupeds. This was observed by the ancient anatomists, Aristotle 

 mentions it in his Historia Animalium ; probably the weight and 



