52 FOREST CULTUBE AND 



But I have, on this occasion, dwelt already long 

 enough on the stern necessity of securing a due rela- 

 tion of forest to territory, of woods to climate, of tim- 

 ber to industries. These great questions have been 

 discussed, by able men, through time long passed, in 

 all countries of civilization. The details, moreover, 

 of such discussions demand a special and fuller teach- 

 ing, for which, perhaps, opportunities may yet arise 

 in this hall. But to those who wish early to devote 

 fuller attention to vital considerations of this kind, I 

 would recommend the perusal of the admirable work 

 of George P. Marsh (Man and Nature; or Physical 

 Geography, as modijied hy Human Action. London: 

 1864). That author studied the scattered and largely 

 foreign literature pertaining to this subject with sin- 

 gular care, observed very many original fajfs, and 

 argued on them with great ability. A smaller, still 

 more recent publication {Disastrous Effects of the De- 

 struction of Forest Trees in Wisconsin, by Lapham, 

 Knapp, and Crocker, published in 1867) is also de- 

 serving full attention, inasmuch as it brings before us 

 the difiSculties and losses which the destruction of the 

 forests has already caused in one of the younger of the 

 American States j while, again, Indian experiences 

 in regard to forests may be traced in the valuable vol- 

 ume issued by Dr. Cleghorn [Forests of the Punjab and 

 Western Himalaya ; Boor Kee, 1864). Some observa- 

 tions of my own, applying io countries like North Af- 

 rica, have been recorded two years ago in the Bulle- 

 tin de la Socieie d' Agriculture d' Alger. 



One of the main objects, however, of my address 

 this evening, is to show in what manner a well-or- 

 ganized and yet inexpensive system of forest admin- 



