84 FOREST CULTUEE AND 



mals, native or introduced birds, young fish, etc.; 

 why could not a strong and widely-spreading league 

 be organized for the saving of the native forests ? 

 Might not every child in a school plant a memorial 

 tree, to be intrusted to its care, to awaken thus an 

 interest in objects of this kind at an early age ? 



Reverting to the importance of shelter, let me 

 remark that fifty years ago the Peach flourished in 

 North Pennsylvania, in Ohio and New York, where 

 it cannot any longer now be grown, in consequence 

 of the now colder and far more changeable climate, 

 after the forests became extensively removed. Even 

 ordinary orchards and cereal fields suffer there now. 

 Yet, poor land will yield a better return in wood than 

 in corn crops, and it is not too much to say that the 

 favorable effect of a yoimg forest on climate may be 

 felt already, after a dozen years. Even on ordinary 

 sheep-runs, trees are of the greatest importance, both 

 for shelter and shade. 



Having endeavored to explain forest value as it pre- 

 sents itself in its primary aspects — namely, in refer- 

 ence to its importance to Nature's great economy, and 

 in reference to its timber resources, as viewed in the 

 abstract — I now proceed to enter on a new field of 

 consideration, which, though secondary in impor- 

 tance, is well deserving of our calm attention ; and 

 this all the more since this field of industrial enter- 

 prise remained yet almost bare or unharvested, where- 

 as any utilization of this new ground must have, to 

 inquiring minds, more than ordinary charm. 



I therefore now proceed to explain some of the 

 technologic features of woodlands. 



A leading industry in alj forests is the production 



