PRODUCTS AND.THEIR APPLICATIONS. 79 
13. TORTOISE-SHELL—Continued. 
a. Shell of tortoise (Hretmochelys imbricata, EH. squamata) used in 
manufacture of combs, handles, jewelry, inlaying, and but- 
tons, together with imitations of tortoise-shell in horn, shark’s 
bone, and celluloid. 
b. Shells of land tortoises, used by Indians for pots, scoops, and 
rattles. 
14. SCALES. 
a. Shell of mammals: 
Shell of armadillo, used by Texans and Mexicans. 
b. Seales of fishes used in ornamental work, with specimens of 
flowers and other articles manufactured : 
Scales of parrot fishes, (Scaride and Labride.) 
Scales of mullets, (Mugilide.) 
Scales of sheepshead, &c., (Sparide.) 
Scales of drum and bass, (Sciaenide.) 
Scales of Serranide and perches, (Percidae and Labracide.) 
Scales of Lobotide. 
Seales of tarpum, (Hlopide.) 
Scales of herrings, (Clupeide.) 
Scales of Cyprinide. 
Seales of eels, used in the north of Europe to give a pearly 
luster in ornamental house-paiuting. 
Scales of gar-pikes, used by Indians for arrow-tips. 
(Pearl white, or essence d’ Orient, prepared from scales of Al- 
burnus lucidus and other Cyprinids and Clupeide, used 
in making artificial pearls.) (See under 27.) | 
Shagreen of trigger-fish, (Balistes,) used in polishing wood. 
Shagreen of sharks, used as leather, (see under II, B. 5,) and 
for polishing purposes, particularly in the manufacture of 
quill pens. 
Seales of sturgeons, used by Indians for implements. 
For gelatine as a material and the arts and papier glacé, 
see 24, 
15. PEARL. 
a. Pearls and nacre, (embracing the pearl-yielding shells, with the 
pearls and the mother-o’-pearl in the rough state, with the 
manufactured buttons, handles, and jewelry, pearl-powder, 
inlaid work, and papier maché, ornamented with mother- 
o’-pear! :) ; 
