' ■ FAKM CROPS OF C'AXADA IN 1901 35 



By Mr. Wright : 



Q. Did I understand you to say tbat you had put in 12-ineh tiles ? 

 A. Yes ; that is for the main drain. It runs for a certain distance with 12-iuch 

 and then it is changed to 8-inch and further on to 0-iuch. 



Bi/ Mr. Bell : 



Q. Does that 13-ineh .main run full ? 



A. It runs full in the spring. We had only one 12-inch main last spring, but we 

 have two now. 



By Mr. ^Yilso}l : 



Q. Is it a glazed tile pipe you use ? 



A. No, it is an ordinary field tile. We sometimes use a few of the glazed tiles 

 when passing near a clump of trees; iu such case, if the ordinary tile is used the roots 

 of the trees find their way into the tile through the crevices, and sometimes grow to 

 such an extent as to interfere with the flow of water. At first it was thought that 

 abundant provision for carrying off the surplus water had been made with five 8-inch 

 tiles on 400 acres, but in the spring it was usually two or three weeks before all the 

 water found its way off the surface. Under those conditions seeding was so much 

 delayed that it was quite a serious drawback. 



By Mr. Wright: 



Q. Talking about these drains, I have clay land and we had a tile drain and 

 where it discharged, it is almost sure to make a deep coulee or gorge where the water 

 runs down. Is there any means of preventing that ? 



A. You might try filling the gorge up with stone or gravel at the mouth of the 

 drain. 



Q. I have tried that and it carried away the stone and all. 



A. Would not that depend upon the depth of stone. If you only put in a surface 

 layer of stone or gravel, it would be likely to wash away, but if you made a bed of two 

 or three feet deep it would, I think, withstand the water and especially if you could 

 have two or three planks on which the water would fall arranged so as to spread it 

 that it would not fall with its full force upon the stone and gravel. 



Q. There is something very peculiar about it, the water comes out under the pine 

 trees, and the cones of the pines are falling down where the water comes out, and 

 there is practically a bed of these pine cones there. We have a good deal of trouble 

 with it. 



A. The potato crop has been a very good one at the Central Experimental Farm, the 

 best twelve sorts having given an average crop of 481 bushels 15 pounds per acre. 

 Though the crop is not so heavy as it has been on the western farms, the yield has been 

 very good indeed. 



At Nappan, in Nova Scotia, the crops on the trial plots have averaged somewhat 

 larger than they have at the Central Farm at Ottawa. The best twelve sorts of oats 

 have given sixty-eight bushels thirty-one pounds to the acre. Six sorts of two-rowed 

 barley averaged forty-eight bushels three pounds to the acre, and six-rowed sorts gave 

 fifty-nine bushels one pound, and the twelve largest yielding sorts of spring wheat gave 

 thirty-four bushels fifty pounds per acre. Pease have done well this year, the cross- 

 bred pea Arthur standing at the head of the list. For the last two years the pea crop 

 at Nappan has been almost a total failure, owing to the prevalence of the pea aphis, 

 but this year they seem to have entirely disappeared, and we have had an average of 

 forty-six bushels forty pounds from the twelve largest yielders in the plots there. 



